第一篇：英國女王2012圣誕致辭
英國女王圣誕演講2012
others are best forgotten. 2009 was a difficult year for many, in particular those facing the continuing effects of the economic downturn. 過去每年似乎都各具特點。一些年份讓我們心滿意足，一些年份則最好忘卻。2009年對很多人來說都不好過，尤其是那些深受經濟衰退之苦的人們。
I am sure that we have all been affected by events in Afghanistan and saddened by the casualties suffered by our forces serving there. Our thoughts go out to their relations and friends who have shown immense dignity in the face of great personal loss. 我相信，我們所有人都受到阿富汗戰事影響，為英軍士兵傷亡感到悲傷。我們向這些士兵的家人和朋友表示慰問，他們面對巨大個人損失表現得無比高尚。 conjunction with our allies. 但我們應該為我們的士兵與盟友作出的積極貢獻而感到驕傲。
Well over 13,000 soldiers from the United Kingdom, and across the Commonwealthare currently serving in Afghanistan. 英國和包括加拿大、澳大利亞、新西蘭和新加坡在內的英聯邦國家眼下共有超過1.3萬名士兵在阿富汗服役。
The debt of gratitude owed to these young men and women, and to their predecessors, is indeed profound. 我們對這些年輕士兵以及先前在阿富汗服役過的士兵表示深深感激。 under the age of 25, the organisation remains a strong and practical force for good. 今年是英聯邦成立60周年，今天其成員國25歲以下人口超過10億，為它保持長久的強大和實用提供了力量源泉。
Recently I attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Trinidad and Tobago and heard how important the Commonwealth is to young people. 最近我剛剛參加了在特立尼達和多巴哥舉行的英聯邦政府首腦會議，聽到聯邦對年輕人是多么重要。 New communication technologies allow them to reach out to the wider world and share their experiences and viewpoints. For many, the practical assistance and networks of the Commonwealth can give skills, lend advice and encourage enterprise. 援助與網絡可以提供技能，給予意見和鼓勵進取。
It is inspiring to learn of some of the work being done by these young people, who bring creativity and innovation to the challenges they face. 令人鼓舞的是，我了解到一些年輕人正在做著一些事情，他們面對挑戰，富于創造力和創新精神。 It is important to keep discussing issues that concern us all - there can by no more valuable role for our family of nations. I have been closely associated with the Commonwealth through most of its existence. 對關系到我們所有人的問題保持討論很重要，它讓我們的大家庭產生更大的價值。在英聯邦成立以來的大部分時間里，我都同它聯系緊密。 always been more important in promoting our unity than symbolism alone. 我個人同各國領袖、人民密不可分。這不單是象征意義，也能促進我們的團結。
The Commonwealth is not an organisation with a mission. It is rather an opportunity for its people to work together to achieve practical solutions to problems. 英聯邦并非一個具某種使命的組織，而更是一個讓各國人民合作、解決困難的平臺。
In many aspects of our lives, whether in sport, the environment, business or culture, the Commonwealth connection remains vivid and enriching. 在涉及我們生活的許多方面，不論是體育、環境、商業或文化，英聯邦國家之間的聯系緊密而豐富。 am confident that this diverse Commonwealth of nations can strengthen the common bond that transcends politics, religion, race and economic circumstances. 在很多方面這展現未來的前景。隨著不斷的支持和貢獻，我相信英聯邦國家的多元化能加強各國在政治、宗教、種族和經濟環境的凝聚力。
We know that Christmas is a time for celebration and family reunions; but it is also a time to reflect on what confronts those less fortunate than ourselves, at home and throughout the world. 眾所周知，圣誕節是歡慶與家人團聚的時候，但我們也可以借這個時機回顧那些國內外不幸者面臨的困境。 Christians are taught to love their neighbours, having compassion and concern, and being ready to undertake charity and voluntary work to ease the burden of deprivation and disadvantage. 基督徒被教導要愛他們的鄰居，有同情心，樂于慈善和志愿工作，以減輕貧困和不利的負擔。 never cease to work for a better future for ourselves and for others. 我們自己會面臨一連串的困難和挑戰，這些困難和挑戰會令我們感到困惑，但我們絕不能停下腳步。而應該繼續努力，為自己和他人創造更美好的未來。
I wish you all, wherever you may be, a very happy Christmas. 不論你們現時身在何處，我都祝愿你們圣誕快樂。
第二篇：英國女王伊麗莎白2009年圣誕致辭
Each year that passes seems to have its own character. Some leave us with a feeling of satisfaction, others are best forgotten. 2009 was a difficult year for many, in particular those facing the continuing effects of the economic downturn.
過去每年似乎都各具特點。一些年份讓我們心滿意足，一些年份則最好忘卻。2009年對很多人來說都不好過，尤其是那些深受經濟衰退之苦的人們。
I am sure that we have all been affected by events in Afghanistan and saddened by the casualties suffered by our forces serving there. Our thoughts go out to their relations and friends who have shown immense dignity in the face of great personal loss.
我相信，我們所有人都受到阿富汗戰事影響，為英軍士兵傷亡感到悲傷。我們向這些士兵的家人和朋友表示慰問，他們面對巨大個人損失表現得無比高尚。
But, we can be proud of the positive contribution that our servicemen and women are making, in conjunction with our allies.
但我們應該為我們的士兵與盟友作出的積極貢獻而感到驕傲。
Well over 13,000 soldiers from the United Kingdom, and across the Commonwealth-Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore-are currently serving in Afghanistan.
英國和包括加拿大、澳大利亞、新西蘭和新加坡在內的英聯邦國家眼下共有超過1.3萬名士兵在阿富汗服役。
The debt of gratitude owed to these young men and women, and to their predecessors, is indeed profound.
我們對這些年輕士兵以及先前在阿富汗服役過的士兵表示深深感激。
It is 60 years since the Commonwealth was created and today, with more than a billion of its members under the age of 25, the organisation remains a strong and practical force for good.
今年是英聯邦成立60周年，今天其成員國25歲以下人口超過10億，為它保持長久的強大和實用提供了力量源泉。
Recently I attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Trinidad and Tobago and heard how important the Commonwealth is to young people.
最近我剛剛參加了在特立尼達和多巴哥舉行的英聯邦政府首腦會議，聽到聯邦對年輕人是多么重要。
New communication technologies allow them to reach out to the wider world and share their experiences and viewpoints. For many, the practical assistance and networks of the Commonwealth can give skills, lend advice and encourage enterprise.
新的通信技術使他們能夠接觸到更廣闊的世界，分享他們的經驗和觀點。對于許多人來說，英聯邦的實際援助與網絡可以提供技能，給予意見和鼓勵進取。
It is inspiring to learn of some of the work being done by these young people, who bring creativity and innovation to the challenges they face.
令人鼓舞的是，我了解到一些年輕人正在做著一些事情，他們面對挑戰，富于創造力和創新精神。 It is important to keep discussing issues that concern us all-there can by no more valuable role for our family of nations. I have been closely associated with the Commonwealth through most of its existence.
對關系到我們所有人的問題保持討論很重要，它讓我們的大家庭產生更大的價值。在英聯邦成立以來的大部分時間里，我都同它聯系緊密。
The personal and living bond I have enjoyed with leaders, and with people the world over, has always been more important in promoting our unity than symbolism alone.
我個人同各國領袖、人民密不可分。這不單是象征意義，也能促進我們的團結。
The Commonwealth is not an organisation with a mission. It is rather an opportunity for its people to work together to achieve practical solutions to problems.
英聯邦并非一個具某種使命的組織，而更是一個讓各國人民合作、解決困難的平臺。
In many aspects of our lives, whether in sport, the environment, business or culture, the Commonwealth connection remains vivid and enriching.
在涉及我們生活的許多方面，不論是體育、環境、商業或文化，英聯邦國家之間的聯系緊密而豐富。 It is, in lots of ways, the face of the future. And with continuing support and dedication, I am confident that this diverse Commonwealth of nations can strengthen the common bond that transcends politics, religion, race and economic circumstances.
在很多方面這展現未來的前景。隨著不斷的支持和貢獻，我相信英聯邦國家的多元化能加強各國在政治、宗教、種族和經濟環境的凝聚力。
We know that Christmas is a time for celebration and family reunions; but it is also a time to reflect on what confronts those less fortunate than ourselves, at home and throughout the world.
眾所周知，圣誕節是歡慶與家人團聚的時候，但我們也可以借這個時機回顧那些國內外不幸者面臨的困境。
Christians are taught to love their neighbours, having compassion and concern, and being ready to undertake charity and voluntary work to ease the burden of deprivation and disadvantage.
基督徒被教導要愛他們的鄰居，有同情心，樂于慈善和志愿工作，以減輕貧困和不利的負擔。 We may ourselves be confronted by a bewildering array of difficulties and challenges, but we must never cease to work for a better future for ourselves and for others.
我們自己會面臨一連串的困難和挑戰，這些困難和挑戰會令我們感到困惑，但我們絕不能停下腳步。而應該繼續努力，為自己和他人創造更美好的未來。
I wish you all, wherever you may be, a very happy Christmas.
不論你們現時身在何處，我都祝愿你們圣誕快樂。
第三篇：英國女王伊麗莎白二世2012年圣誕節祝詞
Text of the Queen’s Christmas Broadcast 201
2This past year has been one of great celebration for many. The enthusiasm which greeted the Diamond Jubilee was, of course, especially memorable for me and my family. It was humbling that so many chose to mark the anniversary of a duty which passed to me sixty years ago. People of all ages took the trouble to take part in various ways and in many nations. But perhaps most striking of all was to witness the strength of fellowship and friendship among those who had gathered together on these occasions.Prince Philip and I were joined by our family on the River Thames as we paid tribute to those who have shaped the United Kingdom’s past and future as a maritime nation, and welcomed a wonderful array of craft, large and small, from across the Commonwealth. On the barges and the bridges and the banks of the river there were people who had taken their places to cheer through the mist, undaunted by the rain. That day there was a tremendous sense of common determination to celebrate, triumphing over the elements.
That same spirit was also in evidence from the moment the Olympic flame arrived on these shores. The flame itself drew hundreds and thousands of people on its journey around the British Isles, and was carried by every kind of deserving individual, many nominated for their own extraordinary service.
As London hosted a splendid summer of sport, all those who saw the achievement and courage at the Olympic and Paralympic Games were further inspired by the skill, dedication, training and teamwork of our athletes. In pursuing their own sporting goals, they gave the rest of us the opportunity to share something of the excitement and drama.
We were reminded, too, that the success of these great festivals depended to an enormous degree upon the dedication and effort of an army of volunteers. Those public-spirited people came forward in the great tradition of all those who devote themselves to keeping others safe, supported and comforted.
For many, Christmas is also a time for coming together. But for others, service will come first. Those serving in our Armed Forces, in our Emergency Services and in our hospitals, whose sense of duty takes them away from family and friends, will be missing those they love. And those who have lost loved ones may find this day especially full of memories. That’s why it’s important at this time of year to reach out beyond our familiar relationships to think of those who are on their own.
At Christmas I am always struck by how the spirit of togetherness lies also at the heart of the Christmas story. A young mother and a dutiful father with their baby were joined by poor shepherds and visitors from afar. They came with their gifts to worship the Christ child. From that day on he has inspired people to commit themselves to the best interests of others.
This is the time of year when we remember that God sent his only son ‘to serve, not to be served’. He restored love and service to the centre of our lives in the person of Jesus Christ. It is my prayer this Christmas Day that his example and teaching will continue to bring people together to give the best of themselves in the service of others.
The carol, ‘In the Bleak Midwinter’, ends by asking a question of all of us who know the Christmas story, of how God gave himself to us in humble service: ‘What can I give him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb; if I were a wise man, I would do my part’. The carol gives the answer, ‘Yet what I can I give him – give my heart’.
I wish you all a very happy Christmas.
哈利國際教育
Hali International Education
小學1-6年級家庭作業輔導、語/數/英單科輔導小學閱讀與寫作
初高中各年級英語輔導劍橋少兒英語(預備級、
一、
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新概念英語(青少年版)洪恩幼兒英語 中華國學期末沖刺輔導
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常年招生，隨到隨學!
第四篇：英國女王圣誕演講
《英國社會生態概論》補充閱讀一
Each year that passes seems to have its own character. Some leave us with a feeling of satisfaction, others are best forgotten. 2009 was a difficult year for many, in particular those facing the continuing effects of the economic downturn. 過去每年似乎都各具特點。一些年份讓我們心滿意足，一些年份則最好忘卻。2009年對很多人來說都不好過，尤其是那些深受經濟衰退之苦的人們。
I am sure that we have all been affected by events in Afghanistan and saddened by the casualties suffered by our forces serving there. Our thoughts go out to their relations and friends who have shown immense dignity in the face of great personal loss.
我相信，我們所有人都受到阿富汗戰事影響，為英軍士兵傷亡感到悲傷。我們向這些士兵的家人和朋友表示慰問，他們面對巨大個人損失表現得無比高尚。
But we can be proud of the positive contribution that our servicemen and women are making, in conjunction with our allies.
但我們應該為我們的士兵與盟友作出的積極貢獻而感到驕傲。
Well over 13,000 soldiers from the United Kingdom, and across the Commonwealthare currently serving in Afghanistan.
英國和包括加拿大、澳大利亞、新西蘭和新加坡在內的英聯邦國家眼下共有超過1.3萬名士兵在阿富汗服役。
The debt of gratitude owed to these young men and women, and to their predecessors, is indeed profound.
我們對這些年輕士兵以及先前在阿富汗服役過的士兵表示深深感激。
It is 60 years since the Commonwealth was created and today, with more than a billion of its members under the age of 25, the organisation remains a strong and practical force for good.
今年是英聯邦成立60周年，今天其成員國25歲以下人口超過10億，為它保持長久的強大和實用提供了力量源泉。
Recently I attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Trinidad and Tobago and heard how important the Commonwealth is to young people. 最近我剛剛參加了在特立尼達和多巴哥舉行的英聯邦政府首腦會議，聽到聯邦對年輕人是多么重要。
《英國社會生態概論》補充閱讀一
New communication technologies allow them to reach out to the wider world and share their experiences and viewpoints. For many, the practical assistance and networks of the Commonwealth can give skills, lend advice and encourage enterprise.
新的通信技術使他們能夠接觸到更廣闊的世界，分享他們的經驗和觀點。對于許多人來說，英聯邦的實際援助與網絡可以提供技能，給予意見和鼓勵進取。
It is inspiring to learn of some of the work being done by these young people, who bring creativity and innovation to the challenges they face.
令人鼓舞的是，我了解到一些年輕人正在做著一些事情，他們面對挑戰，富于創造力和創新精神。
It is important to keep discussing issues that concern us all - there can by no more valuable role for our family of nations. I have been closely associated with the Commonwealth through most of its existence.
對關系到我們所有人的問題保持討論很重要，它讓我們的大家庭產生更大的價值。在英聯邦成立以來的大部分時間里，我都同它聯系緊密。
The personal and living bond I have enjoyed with leaders, and with people the world over, has always been more important in promoting our unity than symbolism alone.
我個人同各國領袖、人民密不可分。這不單是象征意義，也能促進我們的團結。
The Commonwealth is not an organisation with a mission. It is rather an opportunity for its people to work together to achieve practical solutions to problems.
英聯邦并非一個具某種使命的組織，而更是一個讓各國人民合作、解決困難的平臺。 In many aspects of our lives, whether in sport, the environment, business or culture, the Commonwealth connection remains vivid and enriching.
在涉及我們生活的許多方面，不論是體育、環境、商業或文化，英聯邦國家之間的聯系緊密而豐富。
It is, in lots of ways, the face of the future. And with continuing support and dedication, I am confident that this diverse Commonwealth of nations can strengthen the common bond that transcends politics, religion, race and economic circumstances.
在很多方面這展現未來的前景。隨著不斷的支持和貢獻，我相信英聯邦國家的多元化能加強各國在政治、宗教、種族和經濟環境的凝聚力。
《英國社會生態概論》補充閱讀一
We know that Christmas is a time for celebration and family reunions; but it is also a time to reflect on what confronts those less fortunate than ourselves, at home and throughout the world.
眾所周知，圣誕節是歡慶與家人團聚的時候，但我們也可以借這個時機回顧那些國內外不幸者面臨的困境。
Christians are taught to love their neighbours, having compassion and concern, and being ready to undertake charity and voluntary work to ease the burden of deprivation and disadvantage.
基督徒被教導要愛他們的鄰居，有同情心，樂于慈善和志愿工作，以減輕貧困和不利的負擔。
We may ourselves be confronted by a bewildering array of difficulties and challenges, but we must never cease to work for a better future for ourselves and for others.
我們自己會面臨一連串的困難和挑戰，這些困難和挑戰會令我們感到困惑，但我們絕不能停下腳步。而應該繼續努力，為自己和他人創造更美好的未來。 I wish you all, wherever you may be, a very happy Christmas. 不論你們現時身在何處，我都祝愿你們圣誕快樂。
第五篇：英國女王2013 圣誕演講
Unit7 Things: The Throw-away Society一次性社會
“Barbie,” a twelve-inch plastic teen-ager, is the best known and best-selling doll in history. Since its introduction in 1959, the Barbie doll population of the world has grown to 12,000,000— more than the human population of Los Angeles or London or Paris. Little girls adore Barbie because she is highly realistic and eminently dress-upable. Mattel, Inc., maker of Barbie, also sells a complete wardrobe for her, including clothes for ordinary daytime wear, clothes for formal party wear, clothes for swimming and skiing.
十二英寸高的塑料小人“芭比”曾是歷史上最著名最暢銷的洋娃娃，自從1959年問世以來，全世界的芭比娃娃的數量增長到1200,0000人—比洛杉磯，倫敦和巴黎任何一個城市的人口還要多。小女孩熱衷芭比娃娃是因為他很像真的而且可以任意更換衣服，作為芭比娃娃的生產廠家，Mattel公司還出售芭比的整體衣柜，包括日常便裝，正式晚裝，泳裝和滑雪衫。
Recently Mattel announced a new improved Barbie doll. The new version has a slimmer figure, “real” eyelashes and a twist-and turn waist that makes her more humanoid than ever. Moreover, Mattel announced that, for the first time, any young lady wishing to purchase a new Barbie would receive a trade-in allowance for her old one.舊貨換新折讓
最近Mattel公司推出一款更高級的芭比娃娃，這個新產品身材更苗條，有仿真睫毛，又可以扭轉彎曲的腰肢，所有這些特點使其更加人性化。此外，M公司還首次宣布，任何一個購買芭比娃娃的女士都可以獲得舊芭比娃娃的折價優惠。
What Mattel did not announce was that by trading in her old doll for a technologically improved modes, the little girl of today, citizen of tomorrow’s super-industrial world, would learn a fundamental lesson about the new society: that man’s relationships with things are increasingly temporary.
M公司所沒有宣布的是，通過折舊芭比娃娃來銷售新款芭比娃娃，今天的小女孩，明天工業化社會的公民就會得出這樣一個對社會的基本認識：人類和物品的關系越來越短暫。
The ocean of man-made physical objects that surrounds us is set within a larger ocean of natural objects. But increasingly, it is the technologically produced environment that matters for the individual. The texture of plastic or concrete, the iridescent glisten of an automobile under a streetlight, the staggering vision of a cityscape seen from the window of a jet— these are the intimate realities of his existence. Man-made things enter into and color his consciousness. Their number is expandingwith explosive force, both absolutely and relative to the natural environment. This will be even more true in super-industrial society than it is today.
我們周圍人造物品的海洋外圍還有更廣闊的自然物品的海洋。但是這個技術制造的環境逐漸影響著人類。塑料或混凝土結構， 街燈下霓虹閃爍的汽車，從飛機窗口俯瞰到的緩慢移動的城市—這些人類的親密伙伴。人造物品進入并影響了人類意識，其數量急劇增長， 無論是就絕對而言還是相對而言。這種現象在將來的后工業化社會會更加突出。
Anti-materialists tend to deride the importance of “things.” Yet things are highly significant, not merely because of their functional utility, but also because of their psychological impact. We develop relationships with things. Things affect our sense of foreshortening of our relationships with things accelerates the pace of life.
唯心主義者試圖否認物品的重要性，但是物品是非常重要的，不僅因為它有實用功能，還因為其對精神的影響，我們發展和物品的關系，物品影響我們對關聯和斷聯的意識。他們在情景結構中的作用，我們和物品關系的縮短加快了生活的節奏。
Moreover, our attitudes toward things reflect basic value judgments. Nothing could be more dramatic than the difference between the new breed of little girls who cheerfully turn in their Barbies for the new improved model and those who, like their mothers and grandmothers before them, clutch lingeringly and lovingly to the same doll until it disintegrates from sheer age. In this difference lies the contrast between past and future, between societies based on permanence, and the new, fast-forming society based on transience.
此外，我們對物品的態度反映了基本的價值評判。有的小女孩興高采烈的把她們的芭比娃娃換成新款高級的娃娃，有的小女孩象她們的母親和祖母年少時一樣，終日抱著同一個娃娃，形影不離，愛不釋手，直到長大后娃娃從生活中消失，沒有什么比這更具有戲劇性的對比了。這種不同在于過去和未來的對比，對于永久的社會和新的變幻無常的社會的對比。
That man-thing relationships are growing more and more temporary may be illustrated by examining the culture surrounding the little girl who trades in her doll. This child soon learns that Barbie dolls are by no means the only physical objects that pass into and out of her young life at a rapid clip. Diapers, bibs, paper napkins, Kleenex, towels, non-returnable soda bottles—all are used up quickly in her home and ruthlessly eliminated. Corn muffins come in baking tins that are thrown away after one use. Spinach is encased in plastic sacks that can be dropped into a pan of boiling water for heating, and then thrown away. TV dinners are cooked and often served on throw-away trays. Her home is a large processing machine through which objects flow, entering and leaving, at a faster and faster rate of speed. From birth on, she is inextricably embedded in a throw-away culture.
觀察一下舊芭比換新芭比的小女孩身后的文化就可以看出人類和物品間的關系越來越短暫，這些孩子很快會知道有很多物品以極快的速度進入并離開他們的生活，不只是芭比娃娃。紙尿褲，圍裙，紙巾，手絹，非循環使用的蘇打汽水瓶—所有這些在她家被迅速使用，有的被無情的丟棄。玉米松餅放進一次性的烤罐，菠菜放進塑料袋中，這種塑料袋可以一起放進沸水鍋中加熱然后丟棄。電視上的烹飪節目也經常使用一次性的碟子。她的家就是一個大型處理機器，通過這個機器，物品以越來越快的速度不斷流動，進入又離開，從出生開始，她就被包圍在一次性的文化中。
The idea of using a product once or for a brief period and then replacing it, runs counter to the grain of societies or individuals steeped in a heritage of poverty. Not long ago Uriel Rone, a market researcher for the French advertising agency Publicis, told me: “The French housewife is not used to disposable products. She likes to keep things, even old things, rather than throw-away curtain. We did a marketing study for them and found the resistance too strong.” This resistance, however, is dying all over the developed world.
對一次性物品的使用讓人想到了糧食問題和祖祖輩輩生活在貧困中的人，不久前，法國廣告代理公司P的一位市場調查員U R 告訴我“法國的家庭主婦并不習慣于使用一次性的產品，:她們喜歡把東西留著，即使是舊物品也不會丟。我們代表公司宣傳一種一次性的塑料窗簾。我們隊她們作市場調查，卻發現她們的抵制情緒很強。”這種抵制在其他發達國家越來越少了。
Thus a writer, Edward Maze, has pointed out that many Americans visiting Sweden in the early 1950’s were astounded by its cleanliness. “We were almost awed by the fact that there were no beer and soft drink bottles by the road sides, as, much to our shame, there were in America. But by the 1960’s lo and behold, bottles were suddenly blooming along Swedish highways„ What happened? Sweden had become a buy, use and throw-away society, following the American pattern.” In Japan today throw-away tissues are so universal that cloth handkerchiefs are regarded as old fashioned, not to say unsanitary. In England for sixpence one may buy a “Dentamatic throw-away toothbrush” which comes already coated with toothpaste for its one-time use. And even in France, disposable cigarette lighters are commonplace. Form cardboard milk containers to the rockets that power space vehicles, products created for short-term or one-time use are becoming more numerous and crucial to our way of life. 因此，作家E M 指出在十二世紀五十年代初期，很多區瑞典觀光的美國人都被瑞典的干凈所震驚“讓我們敬佩的是路邊沒有一個啤酒瓶和軟飲料瓶，而自慚形穢的是，美國到處都是。但是到二十世紀六十年代，看看吧，各種瓶瓶罐罐凸現在瑞典的高速公路上„„怎么了?跟美國一樣，瑞典已經變成一個購買，使用一次性物品的國家了。在當今的日本，一次性的紙巾非常普遍，手絹已經老土了，而且也不衛生。在英國，花七便士就可以買到已經擠好牙膏，一次性使用的牙刷。即使在法國，一次性的打火機也很普遍，從牛奶紙盒到為太空提供動力的火箭，它們對我們的生活起著越來越重要的作用。
The recent introduction of paper and quasi-paper clothing carried the trend toward disposability a step further. Fashionable boutiques and working-class clothing stores have sprouted whole departments devoted to gaily colored and imaginatively designed paper apparel. Fashion magazines display breathtakingly sumptuous gowns, coats, pajamas, even wedding dresses made of paper. The bride pictured in one of these wears a long white train of lace-like paper that, the caption writer notes, will make “great kitchen curtains” after the ceremony.
剛上市的紙衣服或者類似紙的衣服將一次性文化更推進了一步。時尚飾品店和工薪階層服裝店已經陸續出現一個全新的部門，這個部門專門負責那些色彩艷麗設計特別的紙衣服。時尚雜志展示了價格驚人的紙長袍，紙外套，紙睡袍，甚至紙婚紗和禮服。圖中的新娘穿著仿蕾絲紙做成的白色長袍裙，標題寫道：這條裙子在婚禮結束后可以做成“不錯的廚房窗簾”。
Paper clothes are particularly suitably for children, Writes one fashion expert: “Little girls will soon be able to spill ice cream, draw pictures and make cutouts on their clothes while their mothers smile benignly at their creativity.” And for adults who want to express their own creativity, there is even a “paint-yourself-dress” complete with brushes. Price: $2.00.
紙衣服是最適合孩子的。一位時尚專家寫道：“小孩子會亂濺冰激凌，而且他可以在紙衣服上畫畫，或者貼剪紙畫，而母親在一旁微笑的贊許其創造力。”對于想展示創造力的成年人，可以買一種配有刷子的“自助衣服”，價格兩美元。
Price, of course, is a critical factor behind the paper explosion. Thus a department store features simple A-line dresses made of what it calls “devil-may-care cellulose fiber and nylon.” At $1.29 each, it is almost cheaper for the consumer to buy and discard a new one than to send an ordinary dress to the cleaners. Soon it will be. But more than economics is involved, for the extension of the throw-away culture has important psychological consequences.
當然，價格是紙用品猛增的重要原因。因此有一家百貨商店很有特色，店內全是清一色的衣服，這些衣服都是用被稱作“魔鬼也會留意的纖維和尼龍”做成的。每件事1.29美元，對于消費者來說，一次性要比普通衣服送進洗衣店要便宜的多。但不僅僅是經濟問題，一次性文化的蔓延還帶來了不容忽視的精神影響。
***We develop a throw-away mentality to match our throw-away products. This mentality produces, among other things, a set of radically altered values with respect to property. But the spread of disposability through the society also implies decreased durations in man-thing relationships. Instead of being linked with a single object over a relatively long span of time, we are linked for brief periods with the succession of objects that supplant it. 我們已經形成了一種一次性的心態，來適應一次性的產品。這種心態使得我們對于物品的價值觀產生了巨大的改變。然而社會中的一次性文化的蔓延也預示著人類和物品的關系持續的時間越來越短。我們只是和一系列馬上將被代替的物品保持短期的聯系，而不是和某一物品保持長期的聯系。
Unit8Cultivating a Hobby 培養一種業余愛好
A gifted American psychologist has said, “Worry is a spasm of the emotion; the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go.” It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. The stronger the will is, the more futile the task is. One can only gently insinuate something else into its rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair, begins. 美國一位天才心理學家曾經說過：“憂慮是一陣情感的沖動，意識一旦陷入某種狀態，這種狀態將很難被改變。”在這種情況下，與意識去抗爭是徒勞的。意志力越強，這種抗爭就越顯得徒勞無益。這時，唯一的解決辦法只能是悄悄的滲入某種新的東西，來分散注意力。如果這種新的東西選擇恰當，而且確實能激起你對另一領域的興趣，漸漸地、而且經常是非常迅速地，你過分緊張的情緒就會緩解，你又開始恢復到原來的狀態。
The cultivation of a hobby and the forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man .But this is not a business that can be untaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at band when needed.
因此，對一個公眾人物來說，培養一種業余愛好、一種新的興趣顯得尤為重要。但這不是一件一朝一日或憑一時的意氣就能一蹴而就的事情。這種替代憂慮的心理興趣培養是一個長期的過程。它的種子必須要精挑細選，然后播撒到肥沃的土壤中，要想得到籽粒飽滿、需要時隨手可摘的果實，還必須對他們精心呵護。
To be really happy really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take an interest in this or that.” Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes; those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or businessman, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the week-end.
要想真正的快樂，而且每次都能真正奏效，一個人必須有兩種或三種業余愛好，而且必須是真正的業余愛好。一個人到了晚年才說：“我要培養這種或那種興趣。”那已經沒有任何意義了。這種嘗試只能更加增加大腦的壓力。一個人可能具有與他日常工作無關的大量的知識，但這些知識并無助于他減輕心理壓力。隨心所欲的做你喜歡的工作不會幫你減輕心理壓力，而是你必須設法喜歡你目前所做的工作。大致來說，人可分為三類：第一類人是累死;第二類人是愁死;第三類人是煩死。體力勞動者經過一周的辛勤勞動已經筋疲力盡，再讓他們在周六下午踢足球或打棒球無助于消除他們的疲勞。讓那些為一些大事已經連續工作或煩惱了六天的政治家、專業人員或工商界人士來說，在周末的時候讓他們為一些雞毛蒜皮的小事煩惱費神，也不會使他們身心輕松。
As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire — for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.
對于那些不幸的人：那些可以隨意發號施令;那些隨心所欲，無所不能的人，新的樂趣、新的喜悅對他們來說是無所謂的事情。他們狂亂地從一個地方跑到另一個地方、想通過不斷換地方的這種方式來擺脫煩惱，這是徒勞的。對他們來說，條理、規矩是他們最有希望擺脫煩惱的辦法。
It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are dividing into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former is majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance(生計), but a keen appetite for leisure even in its simplest and most modest forms. 在辦公室或工廠里長時間的工作，不僅帶給他們維持生計的金錢，還帶給他們一種渴求娛樂的強烈欲望，哪怕這種娛樂消遣是以最簡單、最樸實的方式進行的。 But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.
也可以說，理智、勤奮、有才能的人可以分為兩類：第一類是工作與娛樂涇渭分明;第二類人是工作與娛樂合二為一。大多數人屬于前者。他們有他們的報酬。長時間在辦公室或工廠的辛勤勞作不僅使他們得到了維持生命的薪水，而且培養了他們追求快樂的強烈愿望，即使僅僅是那些最簡單、最樸實的形式。然而命運女神所偏愛的卻是第二類人。他們的生活自然、和諧。對他們來說，工作的時間永遠都不夠長。每一天都是假期，法定假期到來時，他們不愿休假，埋怨(認為)這是強行中斷干擾了他們精彩的假期。然而，這兩類人都必須改變一下他們的觀點，調整一下氣氛、轉移一下奮斗的方向。事實上或許那些以工作為樂的人正是那些最需要通過一種興趣或愛好使自己適時忘記自己工作的人。