第一篇：考研英語翻譯真題解析
2013考研英語(一)翻譯真題及解析
2013考研英語
(一)翻譯真題及解析--中域教育網
46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.解析
考察重點：非謂語動詞做后置定語，狀語從句，插入語
這個句子結構非常清晰：it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles,
these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.是主句，其中for all their diversity of styles是插入語。 時間壯語從句yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless,提前至主句之前，其中created by the homeless 是過去分詞短語充當后置定語，用來修飾 the gardens。 詞匯的識別：句子中的動詞looks at，對應的賓語是 the photographs of the gardens,因此翻譯成“觀看”。句子中created by the homeless對應的賓語是 the gardens,因此翻譯成“創建、建立”。句子中的動詞speak of對應的賓語是 various other fundamental urges，因此翻譯成“透露、顯示、表明”。
參考翻譯：然而當我們觀看那些由無家可歸的人創建的家園的照片時，它們的那些各種各樣的風格，會給人以深深的震撼。這些家園在它的裝飾和創造性表示之上，透露出了其他基本的需求。
評分標準：三個動詞 “look at, created by the homeless和speak of”的翻譯各占0.5分，目標漢語的通順流暢占0.5分。
47. A sacred place of peace, however, crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelt which is a distinctly animal need. 解析
考察重點：讓步壯語從句，插入語，比較狀語從句
這個句子結構簡潔：A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need,是主句，其中, however crude it may be,是讓步壯語從句充當插入語; as opposed to shelter which is a distinctly animal need.是比較狀語從句。
詞匯的識別：句子中的三個系詞在表與信息的提示之下分別翻譯成為“是人類的基本需求”;“無論多么粗糙(貧瘠)”;“是動物的基本需求”。
參考翻譯：一塊神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，它都是一種人類基本的需求，和庇護所相反，那只是動物的基本需求。
評分標準：三個系詞的翻譯各占0.5分，目標漢語的通順流暢占0.5分。
48. The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless garden introduce from in to an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such
解析：
考察重點：定語從句
這個句子結構簡潔： The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless garden introduce from it to an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such是主句，其中 which are in effect homeless garden 是定語從句修飾 The gardens of the homeless; 定語從句where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such修飾先行詞 an urban environment。
參考翻譯： 無家可歸的人的家園，事實上是無所謂家的家園，給要么是不存在的，要么是無法分辨得清的城市環境引入了一種形式。評分標準：動詞短語“introduce from it to”、系詞“are”、“didn’t exist, was not discernible”的翻譯各占0.5分，目標漢語的通順流暢占0.5分。
49 . Mast of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic
解析
考察重點：時間壯語從句，定語從句
這個句子結構稍顯復雜：Mast of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions 是主句，其中, which we usually blame on some psychological conditions 是定語從句 until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.是時間狀語從句。
詞匯的識別：動詞短語“give in”在賓語 demoralization of spirit的指導下，翻譯為“屈服于”;“blame which on some psychological conditions”中的blame翻譯成為“推卸到”;find發現，feel感受到。參考翻譯： 我們當中大多數人都屈服于精神的道德敗壞，我們經常把這種精神上的敗壞推卸到心理環境上，直到有一天我們發現自己處于一個家園當中，并感受到這種壓迫好像魔法一樣消失.
評分標準：三組動詞的翻譯各占0.5分，目標漢語的通順流暢占0.5分。
50. It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of the word garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.
解析：
考察重點：強調句型，插入語
這個句子結構稍顯復雜： It is this „„that „„是強調句型，還原成正常語序后句子表達為“this implicit or explicit reference to nature fully justifies the use of the word garden”;though in a“liberated”sense是插入語。
詞匯的識別：動詞“justify”在賓語 the use of word garden的指導下，翻譯為“證實„是合理的”;動詞“describe”在賓語“these synthetic constructions”的指導之下翻譯成“描述”。
參考翻譯： 正是這種隱晦或明顯的涉及自然，盡管是從一種解放的意義上來說, 充分地證實了用來描述這些人造建筑的花園這個單詞很貼切。
評分標準：兩個動詞的翻譯各占0.5分，強調句型的翻譯占0.5分，目標漢語的通順流暢占0.5分。
第二篇：2013年12月英語四級翻譯真題解析及點評
2013年12月英語四級翻譯真題解析及點評：中餐(滬江網校版) 2013年12月四級翻譯
原文：
許多人喜歡中餐，在中國，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術。精心準備的中餐既可口又好看。烹飪技藝和配料在中國各地差別很大。但好的烹飪都有一個共同點，總是要考慮到顏色、味道、口感和營養(nutrition)。由于食物對健康至關重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類和蔬菜之間取得平衡，所以中餐既美味又健康。
譯文：
Many people are fond of Chinese cuisine. In China, it is not only regarded as a craftsmanship, but also as an art. An exquisitely prepared Chinese cuisine is a feast for both the mouth and the eyes. The culinary skill and dish ingredients vary in different regions of China, but good Chinese cuisines always share something in common, i.e. the color,aroma, taste and nutrition. As food is vital for one’s health, a good chef always tries to strike a balance among grains, meat and vegetables. That’s why Chinese cuisine is tasty and healthy.
【點評】
本段翻譯原文是常見的中國文化題材：中餐(Chinese cuisine/Chinese food)，用詞也都是與食物相關的高頻詞匯，如“谷物”“肉類”“口感”“營養”等，也提示了考生在復習時可以通過主題分類進行詞匯學習、記憶。翻譯中可用到的句型也都比較常見，沒有特別復雜的表達，但是在表達上要注意準確性和連貫性。
2013年12月英語四級翻譯點評(滬江網校版)
2013年8月四級考試迎來了新題型改革，分值和題型考查方變化最大的是句子翻譯變成了漢譯英的段落翻譯。大家紛紛叫苦不迭，似乎難倒一眾考生。然而，實際情況是翻譯難度不升反降，且聽三大理由一一道來。
理由一：語法錯誤不再糾結 采分點更易“踩中”
段落翻譯本身與之前的句子翻譯相比，更容易踩中得分點。與句子翻譯中的虛擬語氣、倒裝、強調句等考生們較難掌握的語法點相比，段落翻譯只要寫出完整的句子，表達了與采分點相近的意思，也能有所得分，也就不會因語法錯誤，而一分不得，“顆粒無收”。
新題型翻譯評分標準明確指出：“基本切題，有些地方思想不夠清楚，文字勉強連貫;語言錯誤相當多，其中有一些是嚴重錯誤，為7-9分檔;切題。表達思想清楚，文字較連貫，但有少量語言錯誤，為10-12分檔。”從對連貫性的要求來看，大部分考生應該都能落在這些區間檔。因為表達思想或切題，拆分來看，更多是取決于單詞、詞組的積累量，這些考生不在話下。而連貫性和語言錯誤才是考生們十分緊張的語法。
理由二：段落翻譯有訣竅 掌握“戰術”多搶分
從已然落下帷幕的四級考題來看，考查知識點與考委會公布樣題保持一致：中國文化。因此，考前反復用心認真研讀或操練過樣題翻譯的考生們，相信并不會覺得太難。這恰巧是滬江網校課程和老師們一貫的倡導。
翻譯考查題目的具體變化，并不影響考生們通過熟悉的句式、句型和“萬變不離其宗”的翻譯方法來爭取得分。例如，四級考卷中“……之一”、“……越來越受歡迎”、“在XX期間”“XX遍布全國各地”和“意味著……”等這些知識點，相信學習過滬江網校新題型課程中“戰術”——劃分語塊的考生們，一定覺得這些表達一點兒也不陌生。所以通過對句子語塊劃分以后，題目迎刃而解，輕松拿取得分點。而中國結、茶文化相關信息本身，在課程和班級節目“段落翻譯天天練”中也都有所涉及。
滬江網校四級備考課程樣題講解示例：
樣題：剪紙是中國最為流行的傳統民間藝術形式之一。
劃分語塊：剪紙 |(是) |中國最為流行的|傳統民間藝術形式|之一。
相應翻譯：Paper cutting|China|most popular|traditional folk art|one of+ n.(pl.) 拓展：流行 popular | widespread 受歡迎：be widespread | become popular 考題中的知識點：
……之一：one of + n.(pl.)
……受歡迎：be widespread / be popular / become popular
理由三：化繁為簡 迂回翻譯 表“情”達“意”即可
漢譯英段落翻譯的另一大解題特色是可以采用迂回翻譯的方式?？忌鷤冊谟龅阶约翰惶珪膫€別動詞或名詞，可以采取繞開，用一些相似的意思去表達。長句太難，可以拆分為短句，只要沒有明顯的單詞拼寫錯誤和語言錯誤，意思表達貼近，也將拿取一定分數。
綜上所述，段落翻譯難度并未達到考生們心目中預設的難度。因此，大家放輕松。平時，注意跟著老師或專家，掌握正確的翻譯方法，積累相關詞匯和表達，與之前的句子翻譯相比，翻譯部分的得分率更易得到提升。
2013年12月英語四級翻譯真題解析：信息技術(文都版) 【原文】
信息技術(Information Technology)，正在飛速的發展，中國公民也越來越重視信息技術，有些學校甚至將信息技術作為必修課程，對這一現象大家持不同觀點。一部分人認為這是沒有必要的，學生就應該學習傳統的課程。另一部分人認為這是應該的，中國就應該與時俱進。不管怎樣，信息技術引起廣大人民的重視是一件好事。
【 參考譯文】
Nowadays, Information Technology is developing rapidly, and Chinese Citizens are putting more emphasis on it. Some schools and universities even make Information Technology one of the compulsory courses. People hold different views on this phenomenon. Some people deem that it is unnecessary to make Information Technology a required course in schools. Students should learn traditional curriculum. While other people think that it should be so, and they hold the attitude that China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology has drawn people’s attention.
【點評】
今年的大學英語六級考試題型改革后，翻譯題從之前的單句漢譯英“換裝”為段落漢譯英，這對于考生來說，無疑是一個更大的挑戰。很多考生一看到整段的漢譯英題目就頭疼，因為他們對于這個題目太陌生了。從單句到段落的翻譯，標志著國家對于考生英語水平的要求已經提高到了一個全新的層面。段落翻譯考查的是考生的英語綜合水平。
但從真題的出題角度來看，這次考試還是對考生相當得仁慈，考題要比考試樣章中的題目來得簡單得多。整篇翻譯題就像是一篇四級作文，屬于觀點對立型的。主要是針對學校是否應該將信息技術這門課作為學生的必修課。其中闡述了兩類人群的不同觀點，這像極了我們四級考試作文題。比作文題還要簡單的是，段落翻譯已經給出了考生寫作的思想，考生只需將其翻譯成英文即可。
從真題的出題內容來看，這次的翻譯題也沒有考那些考生不熟悉的話題，而是對考生特別熟悉的信息技術進行了考查。而且，整篇翻譯原文中并沒有特別長的句子和特別難的表達。相信考生肯定可以從容應對的。
2013年12月英語四級翻譯真題解析及點評：茶和咖啡(滬江網校版) 【原文】“你要茶還是要咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的題目，許多西方人會選咖啡，而中國人會選茶。相傳，中國的一位帝王于五千年前發現了茶，并用來治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期間，茶館遍布全國，飲茶在六世紀傳到日本，但直到十
七、十八世紀才傳到歐美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一，茶是中國的民族飲品，也是中國傳統文化的重要組成部分。
【譯文】
"Tea or coffee?" Diners are frequently asked this question. Western people may choose coffee, while Chinese may prefer tea. It is said that 5,000 years ago, an emperor in China discovered tea and used it to cure disease.In the Ming and Qing Dynasty, tea houses could be found all over the country.Tea-drinking was introduced to Japan in the sixth century, but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th century. Up to now, tea has become one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is the national drink of China and an important part of Chinese traditional culture.
【點評】
考前許多同學對段落翻譯都有望而生畏的感覺，但就實際考題來看，本段落的難度比樣題更低，用一些基本的詞匯和句型就足以完成翻譯任務。所以考生平時要注重夯實基礎，熟記基本的詞匯句型，注意用詞的準確和表達的清晰完整，面對考題時就能得心應手。 2013年12月英語四級翻譯點評(文都版) 四六級考試首次對漢譯英進行整段翻譯的考查。這不僅考查我們學生的詞匯量，同時也對一些重要的句型結構進行了考查。這里需要注意的是，同學們對于自己不熟悉的詞匯和表達盡量靈活變換，找意思相近的詞來替換。
今天上午四級的翻譯題目沒有太難的結構和表達，只要同學們平時做到了相應的學習和積累，絕對可以自如地進行應對!
下面是本次翻譯題重點涉及的內容，只要寫出任意一種都算對。
必修課程：required course，compulsory course
越來越… more and more, become increasingly
與時俱進 advance with the times，keep pace with the times，change with the times
不管如何 no matter how, anyway
引起重視 bring to the attention， pay attention to
原文：信息技術(Information Technology)，正在飛速的發展，中國公民也越來越重視信息技術，有些學校甚至將信息技術作為必修課程，對這一現象大家持不同觀點。一部分人認為這是沒有必要的，學生就應該學習傳統的課程。另一部分人認為這是應該的，中國就應該與時俱進。不管怎樣，信息技術(Information Technology)引起廣大人民的重視是一件好事。
參考答案：As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly
development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a
compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people hold different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep
pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.
2013年12月英語四級翻譯真題解析及點評：中國結(滬江網校版) 2013年12月四級翻譯
原文：
中國結(the Chinese knot) 最初是由手工藝人發明的。經過數百年不斷的改造，已經成為一種優雅多彩的藝術和工藝。在古代，人們用它來記錄事件，但現在主要用于裝飾的目的。“結”在中文里意味著愛情，婚姻和團聚。中國結常常作為禮物交換或用作飾品祈求好運和避邪。這種形式的手工藝(handcraft)代代相傳，現在已經在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。 譯文：
The Chinese knot is originally invented by the handicraftsman. After several hundred years’ innovation, it has evolved into an elegant and colorful art and craft. In ancient times, it was used for recording events, while now it is mainly a decorative handicraft art. In Chinese, "Knot" means love, marriage and reunion. The Chinese knot is often used as a gift to express good wishes or a talisman to ward off evil spirits. The handcraft has passed on for generations and become more and more popular in China and the world.
【點評】
原文與樣題“神似”，不管是題材、句式、用詞以及難度都與樣題“剪紙”如出一轍，相信按照樣題模式進行練習，面對考題一定得心應手。同時文章中還出現了一些翻譯中的高頻詞匯，如“由……發明”、“代代相傳”、“意味著”、“世界各地”等等，以及用“while”表示對比等常見句式，充分說明只要語法詞匯雙管齊下，翻譯準確率定能大大提升。
第三篇：2010年考研英語翻譯解析
——根據《全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語考試大綱解析》(2010年版)
萬學·海文英語教研中心
根據《全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語考試大綱解析》(2010年版)援引自考研英語大綱的內容，與2009年考研英語大綱相比，2010年考研英語大綱中對于英譯漢部分沒有做任何實質上的調整，依舊將其作為閱讀理解中的Part C部分出現，還是測試考生的英文閱讀理解能力和漢語表達能力，所以學生按原計劃復習即可?？佳杏⒄Z中，對翻譯的測試在逐漸加難，但是，如果掌握好一定的詞匯量和扎實的語法知識，再加上對英譯漢翻譯技巧的熟練運用，得分還是挺容易的。下面具體分析一下考研英語中對翻譯的考查及其解題技巧。
一、2010年考研英語大綱要求
《全國碩士研究生入學統一考試英語考試大綱解析》(2010年版)援引自考研英語大綱的具體要求(Part C部分)：考研英語中，翻譯主要考查考生準確理解概念或結構較復雜的英語材料的能力。要求考生閱讀一篇約400詞的文章，并將其中五個劃線部分(約150詞)譯成漢語，要求譯文準確、完整、通順。
此題主要考查考生的詞匯量、語法知識、閱讀能力和漢語表達的綜合運用能力，尤其注重考查考生能通過上下文理解詞和短語含義的能力，因此要做好英譯漢題目，要求考生既要有良好的英語基礎和較強的在語篇中理解英語句子的能力，又要有扎實的漢語功底和英譯漢的基本技能。
二、翻譯部分命題趨勢和特點
近年來，英譯漢的試題難度在加大，主要體現在比較復雜的文章和句子結構比重加大。五個劃線句子中，一般會有1—2個簡單句，3—4個復合句;其中復合句存在多個從句嵌套的現象，對考生造成一定理解和表達難度，簡單句也因修飾成分繁多、含有抽象意義的詞等的存在而難度不小。因此，這五個句子要么語法結構復雜，要么邏輯關系繁復，并且這一現象歷年來有增無減，今年也不會例外。所以我們建議2010的考生在備考的時候應該把更多的精力真正的放在扎扎實實提高自身英語語言能力、提高對于文章長難句和段落邏輯結構的把握上。在打下堅實的語言能力基礎上，再加上一定的應試技巧和策略，才能真正在考研英語中取得好成績。
三、翻譯部分的特點
1) 從文章的題材來看，翻譯題的選文題材多以反映自然科學、社會科學的常識性報刊
評論文章為主。并且內容涉及到有重要現實意義的題材，如環境、能源、科技創新、民主、生命科學、宇宙探索、信息技術等有現實意義的科普題材。這類選文知識性強，考察考生對詞義的選擇及引申，對原文理解的深度和語言的準確表達?？忌诖疬@類題的時候，用漢語準確的表達出來是最難把握和最難得分的。
2) 從所選文章的文體來看，以議論文為主，說明文也較多，內容都比較抽象，結構都比較嚴謹，邏輯性也很強。
3) 從具體要求翻譯的句子來看，長難句占多數，不過也有一些雖然不長，但是包含一些比較難理解的詞匯和結構的句子。給理解和加以表達帶來了困難。
四、備考策略
基于考研英語翻譯的特點，結合翻譯實踐中具體的方法，我們在這部分的備考中應該注意：
1)詞匯量?？佳械脑~匯考的是詞匯的深度，而不是詞匯的廣度，也就是考查同學們能不能真正的掌握和運用這個詞匯，真正在上下文中理解這個詞匯。所以建議同學們不是單純的、簡單的、機械的記住詞的意思，而要真正的理解詞匯在上下文中的具體用法。所以詞匯的復習對于考研翻譯，同時對閱讀有著決定性的意義，大家準備的時候第一關首先要突破詞匯關。
2)語法。大家需要對文章中的長難句進行一個重點的突破。在這個過程中，具體來講，大家應該更多的從語法分析的角度入手，分清句子的主句和從句、句子的主干和修飾成分以及它們成分之間的邏輯關系，更好的理解句子。
3)翻譯技巧。有意識的練習一下簡單的翻譯技巧，如長句拆分、詞義引申、詞性轉換、代詞指代的還原、被動語態、定語從句的前置與后置等。以便于考試時信手拈來，譯出既通順又準確完整的高質量譯文。
4)多多練習，熟能生巧。英漢是兩種不同的語言，要用漢語地道的表達出英語真正的意思，既要對英漢差異有個宏觀的把握，又要對詞法和句法的翻譯技巧熟練運用。多做練習，方能總結經驗教訓，提高譯文的質量。
五、具體翻譯步驟和方法
【步驟】
翻譯的步驟可以概括為理解、表達和核對三個部分。
首先是理解。略讀全文，從整體上把握整篇文章的行文結構、主旨大意和基調;分析所
要求翻譯的部分，弄清句子結構，先找出句子的主干或主句，明確代詞所指代的詞或短語的意思，再分析是否存在省略，主從關系如何等;進一步細化，分析詞匯及慣用語，明確句子的整體意思及其在上下文中所處的地位。
其次是翻譯，就是用自己的話把作者的意思再現出來，這一點對漢語的功底要求比較高，具體操作過程中要注意英漢兩種語言的差異，簡單一些的句子能直譯就直譯，實在難度較大的就直譯和意譯結合，總之，應當盡量使譯文得體。
最后是檢查核對，從某種意義上來說，這和翻譯過程一樣重要。具體應從以下幾方面考慮：譯文是否完整準確，是否通順，有無扭曲原文意思，有無錯譯(如數字、日期等細節信息)、漏譯(插入語等)。
【技巧方法】
考研翻譯中對翻譯技巧的考查較固定，主要包括詞義的選擇與引申、定語從句翻譯技巧、被動語態的翻譯以及長句的拆分等。下面我們就以被動語態的翻譯方法為例進行下簡單說明。
考研翻譯文章中，科普類文章較多，這類文章客觀性很強，故被動語態的使用較普遍。而被動語態在漢語中較少。由于這一差異的存在，多數情況下需要把英文的被動轉換成漢語的主動。在漢語的主動句中，有些邏輯上是被動句，如：文章寫完了。漢譯時應該采取相應的形式。此外，漢語本身特有一些表示被動的語言手段可以加以利用。為了使譯文符合漢語習慣，翻譯被動句時，常?？梢杂靡幌聨追N方法：
1.變為漢語的主動形式
a. 被動句的主語仍譯為漢語主動句的主語
They were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning.
是否要采取進一步行動，通過要求聯邦立法完全禁止克隆人，在這個問題上，他們的意見有分歧。
b. by后面的動作的執行者作主語，英文原句中的主語作賓語。
During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.
在這種轉變中，歷史學家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實了傳統的歷史研究方法。 c. done by結構，可譯為：“是„„的”，“是由„„的”，“是因„„”，“是在„„”等。被
動語態表示一種狀態時可以譯為漢語的判斷句型。
This picture was taken by my brother as he went to Yunnan.
這張照片是我弟弟去云南的時候拍攝的。
d. 主語+情態動詞be done，直接翻譯成漢語中的無主句。
The test should be canceled. 應該取消考試。
Additional International Standards may be added to the series in the future.
將來還可能對本系列標準增加若干項國際標準。
2. 譯成具有被動意義的漢語結構。這不僅包括被字句，還包括漢語特有的表示被動的手段，如“被，受到，遭到，得到，陷入，沉浸于”等都可以表示被動意義。
The Apollo XII crew reported that their spaceship was being followed by two UFOs.
阿波羅十二號的宇航員曾報告說，他們的宇宙飛船正遭到兩個不明飛行物的跟蹤。
The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. (2002年翻譯)
自然選擇在進化中所起的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環境在塑造和保持個人行為時的選擇作用則剛剛開始得到承認和研究。
3. 添加廣泛主語如“人們”、“大家”、“我們”、“你們”、“一個人”等。
The test should be canceled.
我們應該取消考試。
The area has been marked out for building more hotels.
人們劃出這塊地區用于建造更多的旅店。
最后，希望同學們不斷的擴大閱讀量，讀一些跟我們考研英語文章非常接近，甚至出自同一來源的文章，這樣才能了解考研英語的體裁、難度，最終達到考研的要求。希望大家在考研的過程中不斷積累，充實自己，必能馬到成功。祝大家考研順利!
第四篇：歷年考研英語翻譯真題2
2002年英譯漢試題
(31) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
(32)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.
(33)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.
(34)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
(35) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.
2003年英譯漢試題
(36)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
(37)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
(38)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
(39)Tylor defined culture as “...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”
(40)Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture," like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.
2004年英譯漢試題
(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
(42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.
(43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.1
(44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought ma society.
(45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.
2005年英譯漢試題
(46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.
(47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.
(48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.
(49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice
(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”
2006年英譯漢試題
(51) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic (蘇格拉底) way about moral problems.
(52) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
(53) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
(54) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
(55) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.
2007年英譯漢試題
(56) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.
(57) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.
(58) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
(59) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.
(60) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.
2008年英譯漢試題
(61) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
(62) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
(63) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
(64) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”
(65) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
2009年英譯漢試題
(66) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
(67) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
(68) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.
(69) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
(70) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,
a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling.
2010年英譯漢試題
(71)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
(72)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
(73)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species.
(74)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such ,within reason.
(75)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.
2011年英譯漢試題
(76) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature
(77) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”
(78) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.
(79)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .
(80) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.
46. yet, when onelooks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes onethat, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various otherfundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression。
【參考譯文】然而，看著無家可歸者繪制出的花園圖片時，人們會突然想到，盡管這些花園風格多樣，它們都顯示了人類除了裝飾和創造性表達之外的其他各種基本訴求
47. A sacred placeof peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed toshelter, which is a distinctly animal need。
【參考譯文】無論地方多么簡陋不堪，尋求一片靜謐圣土是人類特有的需求，而動物需要的僅是僅是避難棲息之地。
48. The gardens ofthe homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urbanenvironment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such。
【參考譯文】無家可歸者的樂園，實際上是一個毫無家氣息的地方，給城市環境帶來了一種新的形式。。
無家可歸者描繪的花園實質上是無所依附的，這些花園把一種形式引入城市環境中，而這樣的城市環境中，形式要么根本不存在， 要么就完全不是以這種明顯的方式存在。
49. most of usgive in to a demoralization of spirit which usually blame on some psychologicalconditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppressionvanish as if by magic。
【參考譯文】我們大多數人會深陷于精神萎靡的狀態，并常常將此歸咎為一些心理原因，直到某天我們發現自己置身花園中，感到如魔法般煩悶盡消
50. It is thisimplicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of theword garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these syntheticconstructions。
【參考譯文】正是對自然的這種或隱晦含蓄或清晰直白的提及，充分證實了用“花園”一詞來描述這些虛擬建筑是合乎情理的，即使是從毫無拘泥的意義來講的。
第五篇：97年考研英語真題閱讀翻譯
No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator
沒有一家公司愿意聽到別人說自己引起了社會的道德敗壞。上星期，參議員羅伯特·多爾質問時代--華納公司的高級經理們時說：“難道Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your 這就是你們要成就的事業嗎?你們已經出賣了souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At 自己的靈魂，難道你們還一定要腐化我們這個民Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of 族，威脅我們的下一代嗎?”不過，對于成立于the soul searching that has involved the company ever since the company
1990年的時代--華納公司而言，這樣的質問僅僅只是公司自我反思的最新表白，是在不同時期關was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved 于責任、創作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。
issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. 56歲的現任董事長杰拉德·萊文于1992年
羅斯，他現在成為了爭
At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for 接替已故董事長斯蒂夫·the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure
論的焦點人物。在財政方面，他承受著抬高股價，減少公司巨額債務的壓力。在談妥兩筆新的有線to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountainous debt, which 電視協議后，公司債務將達到173億美元。他也will increase to 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has 答應出售部分財產并重組公司，而現在，投資者promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but 們卻仍在焦急地等待著。 investors are waiting impatiently.
對于說唱音樂的吹捧并沒使他的日子變得好過一些。萊文一直以說唱音樂是一種富于表現
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has 力的演唱方式為理由來捍衛公司的這種音樂形consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of 式。在1992年，當公司因出品冰特樂隊狂暴的violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice T’s 說唱歌曲《警察殺手》而遭受了巨大的譴責時，
萊文說這是街頭文化的合法表達方式，它應該有自己的宣泄途徑。他在《華爾街日報》一篇專欄street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic 文章中寫道：“對于任何一個民主社會的檢驗不society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it 在于它如何有效地控制各種言論和情感的表達，can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and 而在于社會是否給予了人們思考和表達的最廣expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.”
Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’
泛的自由——不管有時這種做法的結果會引起多大爭論和憤怒。在任何威脅面前，我們決不會退卻。”
萊文不愿對上周的評論做出評論，但有跡上有所松動。在上個月的股東大會上，大家就搖滾樂的歌詞問題進行了討論。萊文強調“音樂不that the chairman was backing off his hard line stand, at least to some extent. 象表明這位董事長的強硬立場起碼在一定程度meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and 是社會丑惡現象出現的原因”，他甚至還以他的even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to 兒子為例，后者是紐約州布朗克斯的一個教師，
但他也談communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced 他用說唱音樂的形式與學生進行交流。struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he
到了創作自由和社會責任之間要“保持平衡”的問題。他還宣布，公司將全力為那些可能引起人announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for 們反感的音樂制定各種發行和標識的標準。
distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
總的來說，時代--華納公司的15位董事是his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their
但據內部消息人
The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and 支持萊文和公司的經營策略的。
士透露，其中有幾位董事對此事表示擔憂。“我們中的一些人多年來一直都知道憲法修正案第concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that 一條所說的自由并非毫無限制的自由，
”魯斯說，the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says “但我覺得與公司有關系的一些人可能是最近才Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the 意識到這一點。” company have only recently come to realize this.”