第一篇：bec中級考試作文歸納
BEC中級口試話題歸納總結
BEC中級口語題目及答案歸納
1.The first impression is vital. We should be neatly dressed to leave a good impression on the audience. 2.If you have a good sense of humor, it helps to enhance atmosphere at the presentation and the audience will become more friendly and engaging
Teamwork (mutual trust, full co-operation) 1. What is important when managing a project? Encouraging team work Keeping to schedule Selection of the team members Firstly, encouraging teamwork is very important when managing a project. Teamwork reflects the combined experiences, knowledge, intelligence and views of a group of people, so it will definitely improve the quality and efficiency of the work. Secondly, keeping to schedule is also important. Time is always of essence for a project. You should ensure that you would be running before the schedule rather than after it. Otherwise it will lead to late completion. On top of that, selection of the participants should be also taken into consideration. People with a wide range of experiences can enhance the chance of the successfully sorting out problems.
2. What is important when choosing people to work in teams? Variety of experience Personal qualities Attitude Firstly, variety of experience is very important to a team member, because you never know what kind of problems might suddenly come up to you. Experiences in different fields will enhance the chance of successfully sorting out problems with you knowledge which is based on your past experience Secondly, personal qualities are also important. The basis of the team work is mutual trust and friendly atmosphere, which requires team members to be patient, modest and to have good interpersonal skills. What’s more, attitude should be also taken into account. As the old saying goes “Attitude is everything”. It has a direct impact on the success or failure of the teamwork.
Recruiting & Selecting What is important when selecting staff for promotion? (selecting new applicants for candidates) Work- related qualities(專業素養) Personal qualities(人品) Current performance Experience Firstly, when aiming for promotion, work-related qualities are important .These qualities include qualifications, skills and abilities which are necessary for any job. Secondly, personal qualities are important as well, such as loyalty to the company,
1 responsibility and so on, since these can help to establish personal credibility and integrity among colleagues. On top of that, current performance is another factor to consider. Successful performance can at least demonstrate some aspects of the staff’s ability, such as communication skills, sales experiences and so on.
WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?
Selecting applicants for a job ? Working experience ? Personal qualities
I choose topic A-what is important when selecting applicants for a job. As to this topic, as far as I am concerned, there are 3 things to consider.
First, I think working experience is very important when selecting applicants. Applicants who have already had the work experience in the relevant fields will learn the new job easier and quicker. And it will also save the company a lot of training fees if the applicant has related experience.
Second, we must consider the personal qualities of the applicants, such as personality and health. Companies tend to employ people whose character fits a special job. For example, consulting company tends to employ applicant who is analytical and knowledgeable, but advertising agents like their employees to be energetic and creative.
Third, I believe language is of great importance when selecting applicants. Nowadays, we do business with people from all over the world. Always we buy goods from Africa, and sell our electronic product to Europe; a foreign language especially English is needed if the company wants to expand to the world. Applicants who can speak one or more foreign languages will have a better chance to get the job. WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?(?？?
Preparing for a job interview ? Studying the job advertisement ? Finding out about the company Before you go for an interview, you must make preparations so as to face the interviewer with more confidence. They include studying the job advertisement, finding out about the company, preparing yourself psychologically, etc.
Firstly, you should study the job advertisement carefully so that you can match your knowledge, skills and abilities with the specifications required for the post. You must assure the interviewer that you have all the qualifications required, so you are the right sort of person they are looking for. Secondly, you should know more about the company, such as its profile, structure, existing problems, requirements, campaigns and future plans. As a Chinese saying goes: “know the opponent and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles without defeat.”
Finally, you should also prepare yourself psychologically and this will help you combat stress. Rehearsing the interview with your friends, for example, is a good relaxation exercise that can install confidence in you.
What is important when aiming to retain good staff?
2 What is important when aiming to reduce staff turnover? What is important when motivating staff? Pleasing work environment Career opportunity/development/structure(123) Flexible working hours Financial benefits(123) Training Firstly, creating a pleasing workplace is very important when aim to retain good staff. A pleasing workplace includes everything from having the right tools available to provide basic comfort, such as proper lighting and noise control, etc.
Secondly, career opportunity is also important. Employees will remain with their employer if career opportunities are presented. Career plans for those who what to upward in the company undoubtedly improve morale and boost engagement. (This can lead to some motivational values and enhance employees’ fulfillment.) On top of that, flexible working hours should be also taken into account. It allows the staff a certain degree of freedom, which is essential for the balance of life and work. Financial benefits are also important. Staff want some sort of recognition for the job that they do. Correct financial benefits plan will arouse their enthusiasm. Otherwise, they would feel being ignored (neglect/overlook).
Besides, training cannot be neglected, since training can keep their skills current and up-dated, thus making them more competitive throughout their lives. What is important when aiming to improve career prospects? Reading business articles Learning a foreign language Training Firstly, reading business articles is very important when trying to improve career prospects. This is a good way for you to keep up with the latest development in related field which may give you a clue of what to do next. Secondly, learning a foreign language is also important. For instance if you are good at speaking English ,that would add weight to the improvement of career prospects since the globalization economy and the wide-spread international corporation all needs the bridge of a common language ,and English is one of the most widely used languages. Thirdly, training is another factor to consider. By doing so , you get access to a range of skills to meet different sorts of needs from different jobs.
Conference and Presentation What is important when organizing a conference?(Presentation) Conference speakers Venue/Location Topics covered Facilities needed Audience Practicing beforehand Firstly, I think conference speakers are a very important factor to consider. If they are
3 well-known people knowing a lot about a particular field ,or come from big multinationals, the conference/presentation will be likely to be informative and you may benefit a lot from it. (A good presenter knows what his audience want and is able to demonstrate (speak) in a clear, accurate and honest way to grab their attention and to raise their interest.) Secondly, location is also important. If the conference is held in a place with beautiful surroundings, more people will go and it’s good for you to do some useful networking. (Help you free from nervousness) On top of that, topics covered should be taken into account. To ensure all the audience can really benefit from the conference, what the speakers talk about ought to be something that the participants are interested in and relates to their work
To ensure the success of the presentation, some facilities are needed, such as OHP, microphone and PowerPoint that work. They can help to make details more clearly expressed and the presentation more impressive to the audience.
The audience is also very important. Their participation and interaction can be helpful to the success to the presentation. It has to be decided first who is the target audience and then according to the result, send out the invitation letters to the right people before the presentation. What do you think is important when planning a career? Qualifications Future trends Interest Firstly, it’s important to consider qualifications, since qualifications, to some extent, means relevant education, knowledge and ability, which are essential to the development and success of your career in the future. With qualifications, it will be easier for you to be accepted and acknowledge by others. Secondly, it’s also important to consider future trends. Following future trends will keep you up with the times and bring you more chances. Persuing a career with good future trends is undoubtedly more promising. Furthermore, personal interest should be also taken into account. Interest will bring along active attitude, thus making it easier to overcome work stress.
Marketing
1、Advertisement
2、Packaging包裝
3、Setting prices What is important when dealing with competition? Pricing polices Advertising strategies Quality What is important when aiming to reach new markets? Market research /Target market ( the first step before the company gets into the market.) Pricing Advertising Firstly, market research is important when aiming to reach new markets.
4 By carrying out market research, a company can get such information as whether there’s a market for a new product, and what are customers’ needs and tastes for new product. Thus, the new product will sell well when it is launched into the market. On top of that, pricing should be also taken into account. In order to capture a large market share, you must set a price lower than your competitors. If you fixed the price higher than your rivals without higher quality, you might soon find yourself in an unfavorable situation.
(The fundamental task for a company is to make its products and itself know to the public. There are several ways to achieve this, advertising is the most important one.) What is important when advertising a new product? Cost Media Target consumers First, cost is very important when advertising a new product. Without money, there can be no mentioning of training at all. The costs of advertisement should be calculated carefully and reasonably..The mount of advertising budget determines the scale and period of advertisement. Secondly, media is also important. A company, through proper advertisements, can manage to introduce the advantages of their products comparing to their rivals’ and convince the consumers that their products would be the right choice. Thirdly, target consumers should be taken into consideration. For instance, bill board will likely be an important element for the target market that has a limited number of potential customers, while TV comer
What is important when setting prices for new products? Cost Demand Competition(competitors’ prices) The first thing we must take into account is costs when setting prices for new products. Prices should cover the costs, such as insurance, raw materials, rent and equipment. Otherwise, the company will make a loss. Secondly, demand is also important. Consumer demand for the product clearly affects the price that can be charged. When demand is strong, we can set high prices, when demand is weak, we can set low prices. Besides, competition should be taken into account. If you fixed the price higher than your rivals without higher quality of service, you might soon find yourself in an unfavorable situation.(The company is supposed to consider the prices set by its competitors. (Last but not least, if a company wants its new products to be competitive, it must take competition into consideration. It must set the prices equal to or lower than its competition.) What is important when packaging? image production process convenience First of all, when packaging, it’s very important to choose the color, shape and design that convey the high-quality image to our customers. With special appearance, it helps make the product distinct from others and attract consumers’ attention
5 Second, production process is also important, the product will be handled for many times during its production process, so the packaging material we use should be strong enough to resist any damage.(we should also consider the transit process so that the package we design will protect the product against spoilage. Apart from this two aspects, it’s also of great importance to offer consumers convenience. Packaging should be designed in such as way to make it easier for customers to open the container and use the product. What do you think is the basic objective underlying all promotion? I think it’s to provide information. Companies want to tell customers about themselves as well as what products are available, where they can be purchased, and for what prices. What do you think are the promotional alternatives?
They are advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and publicity
Delegation Entertaining Clients招待客戶 Do you think it’s necessary for a company to establish a good long-term
relationship with its clients? Yes. A good long-term business relationship with clients means better understanding and greater trust between you and your clients. That will definitely help retain clients. Location and Relocation What is important when relocation a business? What is important when choosing retail premises to rent? Local workforce available Location of site (transportation) Length of contract Demand for products or services Labor costs Competition Firstly,
Secondly, location of site is very important. You need to consider whether it’s convenient and easy for raw material supply and transporting out the products, whether it’s easy to get access to the electricity, water, gas and other supporting energy, whether it’s convenient for staff to go to work. Furthermore, length of contract is also important. Longer contract would cover issues in more details. The contract should cover certain matter, which are likely to happen, such as, assignment, service charges.
Competition is another factor to consider. You shouldn’t locate in a place where there are already a lot of firms. Competition will severely affect a company’s revenue. Discussion Trade fair What is important when exhibiting at trade fair?參加展銷會需考慮哪些要點 Quality of display
6 Staff selected Firstly, when exhibiting at trade fair, quality of display is very important. The quality of the display will affect the public image of the company. Therefore you should make sure that what you display should be of high quality and show the best of your products. Secondly, it is also important to select the right staff. There have to be people who are informative and have excellent communicative skills so as to answer any kind of questions produced by potential customers. All this is impossible without careful planning. So you have to plan in advance to make your display a complete success.
What is important when planning the layout of a stand at trade fair? 展銷會展位布置需考慮哪些要點? Attractiveness Security of exhibits Space arrangement
Firstly, attractiveness is very important when planning the stand layout. In order to get more people to visit your stand, it should be designed in a creative way to make it as eye-catching as possible.
Secondly, security of exhibits is also important. No one want to see any visitor to your stand be hurt due to the neglect of security of exhibits. So make sure your exhibits are placed in safe way to avoid any potential dangers.
On top of that, space arrangement should be also taken into consideration.
For instance, there should be area for demonstrating your products as well as for discussion with visitors.
Entertaining Clients(organize outdoor activities戶外活動、商務活動) Arrange a meeting(travelling and accommodation arrangement, information ,travelling) give presentation How important is it for a company to have regular meetings? Very important. It is an effective way to collect ideas and to communicate. Also, it keeps employees well-informed with the latest developments of the company Video conferencing Training(seminar/program) for new staff(students/appraisalmeasure/evaluate 1.offer a training on sth. for sb. It’s certainly a good chance to improve-----
Training is to the mutual interest of both the individual and the company
The growth of the company depends on the development of its staff. 2.focus on issues/topics like XXXX, which are important when holding a training program 3.I am with you here./You bet./I couldn’t agree with you more. This aims to --- Besides that,------------ It’s a very good idea. So that leads to the next item----- 談論如何做，以及這種做法的意義。
7 Have we covered everything? Oh,one more point;------ Let’s look forward to the training.
What is important when organizing an in-house training course? course contents participants selected planning carefully Firstly, course contents are very important when organizing an in-house training. To ensure all the participants can really benefit from the training course, the contents should be something that the members are interested in and be practical to their work. Secondly, participants selected are also important. That includes trainers and trainees. To ensure effectiveness of the training, you should select experienced and informative trainers to give the course. As for trainees, they ought to be people who can spare time for the training so as to maintain high level of productivity. All this is impossible without careful planning. So you need to plan in advance to ensure a complete success of the training. Promotion(method/how much discount should be offered/ advertisement突出哪些特征) target consumers between XX and XX years old
Wow, you see now the car industry is changing so rapidly that we can hardly imaging. Only three month passed , and the company brings out another new model of the car, especially whose target consumers ages from 18 to 25 years old. Well, this new product aims to target consumers between 18 to 25 years old . They are young and can be easily attracted by novel things, I mean, we should outline the unique design of the car model, which leaves the impression of fashion on consumers.
They would prefer to things which are very eyecatching. However, I wonder if they can afford it for people under 25 years old do not have that many savings. It’s necessary to convince them that this type of cars is good value for money. Then we are able to make profits from them. So that comes to the problem how to present the car to our target consumers effectively though an advertising campaign. I think TV commercials can meet our needs. For one can it can reach a large number of audience at a low cost per person. For another, television allows creative use of action, color, and sound which that cannot possible in any other medium. In addition, giving leaflets is another way to show them the new model. With both of the ways , I think we can our plan reach the expectation.Let get down to prepare for it. Internal/External magazine/(staff magazine) who should be involved
Consumers NewsletterArticles 文化差異問題、所需了解到的關于對方的信息了解受培訓者的信息、與會者的信息、客戶的信息、傳遞何種信息才合適，怎么傳遞
8 Part i Do you think price is the only factor that you consider when you are deciding to buy a product? No, when I am deciding to buy a product, I consider not only price, but also quality, after-sales service, reliability, reputation and style, etc. Usually, I think the better quality the higher price, so I may not choose the cheapest one. Do you think advertising cost-effective?你認為廣告節省費用嗎?
Yes, although advertising can be quite expensive, many firms still find it cost effective because it can reach millions of people at a low cost per person. What do you think are the promotional alternatives手段?
They are advertising, personal selling, sales promotion(促銷活動) and publicity. What do you think is the basic objective underlying all promotion?
I think it’s to provide information. To tell customers about the what products are available, where they can be purchased, and for what prices. What training would you hope to have in the future? The training of foreign languages, such as English. The globalization of economy and the wide-spread international cooperation all need the bridge of a common language. And English is one of the most widely-used languages. Do you think companies should provide training for all their staff? Yes. Colleagues should be treated equal. Their knowledge and skills need to be improved. Would you welcome stress when you are targeting at your goal? Yes, A reasonable amount of stress will push me forward a bit faster.(will push me to work harder )
What is important when dealing considering setting up a staff canteen? employees’ opinions cost to the company careful planning Firstly, in order to makes sure that the canteen can really benefits your staff, it’s important to take the employees’ opinions into consideration. For example, you can a survey about what the price of the food can be charged among staff.This is to ensure the food won’t be too expensive to them as well as to avoid raising complaint . ( should be placed, such as TV, the shape of the table, and the color of the wall so as to create a comfortable place for them to relax while eating) Secondly, cost to the company is also important. Without money, no canteen can be set up. You need to make sure the cost is within your budget. (The cost will influence the size )
All this is impossible without careful planning ,so you have to plan in the advance to make
Trade delegation I think this is a good opportunity for our company to open new market in another country. As the old saying goes, Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles without being defeated. There are some advantages as well as disadvantages. As to advantages,
9 However, disadvantages shouldn’t be neglected. For one thing, I am afraid they can adapt to the climate there in a short time. This will have a direct impact on their health as well as efficiency of work. For another, some cultural conflicts may occur while doing business. Sometimes, these can lead to the failure to have contracts between our company and clients. they need to know their eating habits,
ways of working, including when is time for working,
And it’s very important to aware that it’s not proper to talk about business while having meals.
第二篇：BEC中級考試詞匯大全
A
abroad adv. 在國外，出國，廣泛流傳
absence n. 缺席，離開
absent adj. 不在，不參與
absenteeism n. (經常性)曠工，曠職
absorb v. 吸收，減輕(沖擊、困難等)作用或影響
abstract n. 摘要
access n. 接近(或進入)的機會，享用權 v. 獲得使用計算機數據庫的權利
accommodation n. 設施，住宿
account n. 會計帳目
accountancy n. 會計工作
accountant n. 會計
accounts n. 往來帳目
account for 解釋，說明
account executive n. (廣告公司)客戶經理
*accruals n. 增值，應計
achieve v. 獲得或達到，實現，完成
acknowledge v. 承認，告知已收到(某物)，承認某人
acquire v. 獲得，得到
*acquisition n. 收購，被收購的公司或股份
acting adj. 代理的
activity n. 業務類型
actual adj. 實在的，實際的，確實的
adapt v. 修改，適應
adjust v. 整理，使適應
administration n. 實施，經營，行政
administer v. 管理，實施
adopt v. 采納，批準，挑選某人作候選人
advertise v. 公布，做廣告
ad n. 做廣告，登廣告
advertisement n. 出公告，做廣告
advertising n. 廣告業
after-sales service n. 售后服務
agenda n. 議事日程
agent n. 代理人，經紀人
allocate v. 分配，配給
amalgamation n. 合并，重組
ambition n. 強烈的欲望，野心 *amortise v. 攤還
analyse v 分析，研究
analysis n. 分析，分析結果的報告
analyst n. 分析家，化驗員
annual adj. 每年的，按計算的
annual general meeting (AGM) 股東年會 anticipate v. 期望
anticipated adj. 期待的
appeal n. 吸引力
apply v. 申請，請求;應用，運用
applicant n. 申請人
application n. 申請，施用，實施
appointee n. 被任命人
appraisal n. 估量，估價
appreciate v. 賞識，體諒，增值
*appropriate v. 撥出(款項)
approve v. 贊成，同意，批準
aptitude n. 天資，才能
*arbitrage n. 套利
arbitration n. 仲裁
*arrears n. 欠帳
assemble v. 收集，集合
assembly-line n. 裝配線，流水作業線
assess v. 評定，估價
asset n. 資產
current asset n. 流動資產
fixed asset n. 固定資產
frozen asset n. 凍結資產
intangible assets n. 無形資產
liquid assets n. 速動資產
tangible assets n. 有形資產
assist v. 援助，協助，出席
audit n. 查賬，審計
automate v. 使某事物自動操作
average n. 平均，平均水準
awareness n. 意識;警覺
B
backing n. 財務支持，贊助
backhander n. 賄賂
*backlog n. 積壓(工作或訂貨)
bad debt 死賬(無法收回的欠款)
balance n. 收支差額，余額
balance of payments n. 貿易支付差額
balance sheet n. 資產負債表
bankrupt adj. 破產的
bankruptcy n. 破產
bank statement n. 銀行結算清單(給帳戶的)，銀行對賬單
bar chart n. 條形圖，柱狀圖
bargain v. 談判，講價 base n. 基地，根據地
batch n. 一批，一組，一群
batch production 批量生產
bear market n. 熊市
beat v. 超過，勝過
behave v. 表現，運轉
behaviour n. 舉止，行為，運轉情況
below-the-line advertising 線下廣告，尚未被付款的廣告
benchmark n. 衡量標準
benefit n. 利益，補助金，保險金得益
fringe benefits n. 附加福利
sickness benefit n. 疾病補助費
bid n. 出價，投標
takeover bid n. 盤進(一個公司)的出價
bill n. 賬單，票據
billboard n. (路邊)廣告牌，招貼板
black adj. 違法的
in the black 有盈余，貸方
black list 黑名單，禁止貿易的(貨物、公司及個人)名單
black Monday n. 黑色星期一，指1987年10月國際股票市場崩潰的日子
blue chips n. 藍籌股，績優股
blue-collar adj. 藍領(工人)的
Board of Directors n. 董事會
Bond n. 債券
bonus n. 津貼，紅利
books n . 公司帳目
book value n. 賬面價值，(公司或股票)凈值
bookkeeper n. 簿記員，記帳人
boom n. 繁榮，暴漲
boost v. 提高，增加，宣揚
bottleneck n. 瓶頸，窄路，阻礙
bottom adj. 最后的，根本的 v. 到達底部，建立基礎
bounce v. 支票因簽發人無錢而遭拒付并退回
brainstorm n./v. 點子會議，獻計獻策, 頭腦風暴
branch n. 分支，分部
brand n. 商標，品牌
brand leader n. 占市場最大份額的品牌，名牌
brand loyalty n. (消費者)對品牌的忠實
break even v. 收支相抵，不虧不盈
break even point 收支相抵點, 盈虧平衡點
breakthrough n. 突破
brief n. 摘要
brochure n. 小冊子
broker n. 經紀人，代理人 bull market 牛市
budget n. 預算
bulk n. 大量(貨物) adj. 大量的
bust adj. 破了產的
buyout n. 買下全部產權
C
CAD(=Computer Aided Design) n. 計算機輔助設計
call n. 打電話
call on v. 呼吁，約請，拜訪
campaign n. 戰役，運動
candidate n. 求職者，候選人
canteen n. 食堂
canvass v. 征求意見，勸說
capacity n. 生產額，(最大)產量
caption n. 照片或圖片下的簡短說明
capital n. 資本，資金
capture v. 贏得
cash n. 現金，現付款 v. 兌現
cash flow n. 現金流量
case study n. 案例分析
catalogue n. 目錄，產品目錄
catastrophe n. 大災難，大禍
CEO n. Chief Executive Officer(美)總經理
chain n. 連鎖店
challenger n. 挑戰者
channel n. (商品流通的)渠道
charge n. 使承擔，要(價)，把……記入(賬冊等)
chart n. 圖表
checkout n. 付款臺
chief adj. 主要的，首席的，總的
CIF, c.i.f. 成本保險費加運費
circular n. 傳閱的小冊子(傳單等)
circulate v. 傳閱
claim n./v. 要求，索賠
client n. 委托人，顧客
cold adj. 沒人找上門來的，生意清淡的
commercialise v. 使商品化
commission n. 傭金
*commitment n. 承諾
commodity n. 商品，貨物
company n. 公司
limited (liability) company (ltd.) 股份有限公司
public limited company (plc) n. 股票上市公司 compensate v. 補償，酬報
compensation n. 補償，酬金
compete v. 比賽，競爭
competition n. 比賽，競爭
competitor n. 競爭者，對手
competitive adj. 競爭性的
component n. 機器元件、組件、部件，部分
concentrated marketing n. 集中營銷策略
condition n. 條件，狀況
*configuration n. 設備的結構、組合
conflict n. 沖突，爭論
*conglomerate n. 綜合商社，多元化集團公司
*consolidate v. 帳目合并
*consortium n. 財團
constant adj. 恒定的，不斷的，經常的
consultant n. 咨詢人員，顧問，會診醫生
consumables n. 消耗品
consumer durables n. 耐用消費品(如：洗衣機)
consumer goods n. 消費品，生活資料
*contingency n. 意外事件
continuum n. 連續時間
contract n. 合同，契約
contractor n. 承辦商，承建人
contribute v. 提供，捐獻
contribution n. 貢獻，捐獻，稅
conversion n. 改裝，改造
conveyor n. 運送，傳遞，轉讓
core time n. (彈性工作制的)基本上班時間(員工于此段時間必須上班，彈性只對除此以外的時間有效)
cost n. 成本
fixed costs 固定成本
running costs 日常管理費用
variable costs 可變成本
cost-effective adj. 合算的，有效益的
costing n. 成本計算，成本會計
credit n. 賒購，賒購制度
credit control 賒銷管理(檢查顧客及時付款的體系)
letter of credit 信用證
credit limit 賒銷限額
credit rating 信貸的信用等級，信譽評價
creditor n. 債權人，貸方
*creditworthiness n. 信貸價值，信貸信用
crisis n. 危機，轉折點
critical adj. 關鍵的 *critical path analysis n. 關鍵途徑分析法
currency n. 貨幣，流通
current adj. 通用的，現行的
Current account 往來帳戶，活期(存款)戶
current assets n. 流動資產
current liabilities n. 流動負債
customise v. 按顧客的具體要求制造(或改造等);顧客化
cut-throat adj. 殘酷的，激烈的
cut-price a. 削價(出售)的
CV(=curriculum vitae) n. 簡歷，履歷
*cycle time n. 循環時間
D
damages n. 損害，損失
deadline n. 最后期限
deal n. 營業協議，數量 v. 交易
dealer n. 商人
debit n. 借方，欠的錢
v. 記入帳戶的借方
debt n. 欠款，債務
to get into debt 負債
to be out of debt 不欠債
to pay off a debt 還清債務
debtor n. 債務人
aged debtors 長期債務人
declare v. 申報，聲明
decline n./v. 衰退，緩慢，下降
decrease v. 減少
deduct v. 扣除，減去
default n. 違約，未履行
defect n. 缺陷
defective adj. 有缺點的
defer v. 推遲
deferred payments n. 延期支付
deficit n. 赤字
delivery cycle n. 交貨周期
*demand management n. 需求規化
demotivated adj. 消極的，冷談的
deposit n. 儲蓄，預付(定金)
depot n. 倉庫
depreciate v. 貶值，(對資產)折舊
depressing adj. 令人沮喪的
deputy n. 代理人，副職，代理
devalue v. 貨幣貶值(相對于其它貨幣) diet n. 飲食，食物，特種飲食
differentiation n. 區分，鑒別
dimensions n. 尺寸，面積，規模
direct v 管理，指導
director n. 經理，主管
Managing Director n. 總經理
direct cost n. 直接成本
direct mail n. (商店為招攬生意而向人們投寄的)直接郵件
direct selling n. 直銷，直接銷售
directory n. 指南，號碼簿
discount n. 折扣，貼現
dismiss v. 讓……離開，打發走
dismissal n. 打發走
dispatch n./v. 調遣
display n./v. 展出，顯示
dispose v. 安排，處理(事務)
dispose of 去掉，清除
distribution n. 分配，分發，分送產品
*diversify v. 從事多種經營;多樣化
divest v. 剝奪
dividend n. 股息，紅利，年息
division n. 部門
*dog n. 滯銷品
down-market a./ad. 低檔商品的
*down-time/downtime n. 設備閑置期
DP(=Data Processing) n. 計算機數據處理，計算機數據處理部門
dramatic adj. 戲劇性的
drive n. 積極性，能動性
due adj. 應付的，預期的
dynamic adj. 有活力的
E
earnings n. 工資
efficiency n. 效率
endorse v. 背書，接受
engage v. 雇用
entitle v. 授權
entitlement n. 應得的權利
holiday entitlement n. 休假權
equity n. 股東權益
equity capital n. 股本
equities 普通股，股票
estimated demand n. 估計需求
evaluate v. 估價，評價 eventual adj. 最終的
exaggerate v. 夸張
exceed v. 超過
exhibit n. 展覽，表現
expenditure n. 花費，支出額
expense n. 費用，支出
expense account n. 費用帳戶
expenses n. 費用，業務津貼
expertise n. 專長，專門知識和技能
*exposure n. 公眾對某一產品或公司的知悉;廣告所達到的觀眾總數
F
facilities n. 用于生產的設備、器材
facilities layout n. 設備的布局規化、計劃
facilities location n. 設備安置
*factoring n. 折價購買債券
*fail-safe system n. 安全系統
feasibility study n. 可行性研究
feedback n. 反饋，反饋的信息
field n. 辦公室外邊，具體業務
file n. 文件集，卷宗，檔案，文件
v. 把文件(或資料)歸檔
fill v. 充任
finance n. 資金，財政
v. 提供資金
financial adj. 財政的
financing n. 提供資金，籌借資金
finished goods n. 制成品
firm n. 公司
fire v. 解雇
fix v. 確定，使固定在
fix up v. 解決，商妥
fiscal adj. 國庫的，財政的
*flagship n. 同類中最成功的商品，佼佼者
flexible adj. 有彈性的，靈活的
flextime n. 彈性工作時間制
flier(=flyer) n. 促銷傳單
float v. 發行股票
flop n. 失敗
flow shop n. 車間
fluctuate v. 波動，漲落，起伏
FOB, f.o.b n. 離岸價
*follow-up n. 細節落實，接連要做的事 forecast v. 預測
four P’s 指產品PRODUCT、價格PRICE、地點PLACE、促銷PROMOTION framework n. 框架，結構
*franchise n. 特許經銷權
v. 特許經銷，給予特許經銷權
franchisee n. 特許經營人
franchiser n. 授予特許經營權者
fraud n. 欺騙
*freebie n. (非正式的)贈品，免費促銷的商品
freelance n.& adj. 自由職業者(的)
funds n. 資金，基金
futures n. 期貨交易
G
gap n. 缺口，空隙
*gearing n. 配稱(即定息債務與股份資本之間的比率)
*gimmick n. 好主意，好點子
goal n. 目標
going adj. 進行的，運轉中的
going rate n. 產品的市場價格
goods n. 貨物，商品
goodwill n. 聲譽
*go public v. 首次公開發行股票
grapple with v. 與……搏斗，盡力解決
grievance n. 申訴，抱怨
gross adj. 總的，毛的
gross margin n. 毛利率
gross profit n. 毛利
gross yield n. 毛收益
gradually adv. 逐漸地
group n. (由若干公司聯合而成的)集團
grow v. 增長，擴大
growth n. 增長，發展
guarantee n. 保證，保單
guidelines n. 指導方針，準則
H
hand in v. 呈送
hand in one’s notice 遞交辭呈
handle v. 經營
*hands on adj. 有直接經驗的
hard sell n. 強行推銷 hazard n. 危險，危害行為
head n. 主管，負責
health and safety n. 健康和安全
*hedge n. 套期保值
hidden adj. 隱藏的，不明顯的
hierarchy n. 等級制度，統治集團，領導層
hire v. 雇用
hire purchase n. 分期付款購物法
hit v. 擊中，到達
holder n. 持有者
holding company n. 控股公司
hostile adj. 不友好的，惡意的
HRD n. 人力資源發展部
human resources n. 人力資源
*hype n. 天花亂墜的(夸張)廣告宣傳
I
impact n. 沖擊，強烈影響
implement v. 實施，執行
implication n 隱含意義
incentive n. 刺激;鼓勵
income n. 工資或薪金收入，經營或投資的收入
earned income 勞動收入，勞動所得
unearned income 非勞動收入，投資所得
increment v. 定期增加
incur v 招致，承擔
*indemnity n. 償還，賠償
index n. 指數，索引
retail price index 零售價格指數
indirect costs n. 間接成本
induction n. 就職
industrial adj. 工業的
industrial action n. (罷工、怠工等)勞工行動
industrial relations n. 勞資關系
inefficiency n. 低效率，不稱職
inflate v. 抬高(物價)，使通貨等)膨脹
inflation n. 通貨膨脹
*infringe v. 違法，違章
initial adj. 初步的
innovate v. 革新
input n. 投入
insolvent adj. 無清償力的
installment n. 部分，分期付款 insure v. 給……保險，投保
insurance n. 保險
interest n. 利息，興趣
interest rate n. 利率
interim n. 中期，過渡期間
intermittent production n. 階段性生產
interview n./v. 面試
interviewee n. 被面試的人
interviewer n. 主持面試的人，招聘者
introduce v. 介紹，提出
*inventory n. 庫存
buffer inventory n. 用于應付突發性需求的存貨
capacity inventory n. 用于將來某時使用的存貨
cycle inventory n. 循環盤存
decoupling inventory n. 保險性存貨(以應付萬一)
finished goods inventory n. 制成品存貨(盤存)
pipeline inventory n. 在途存貨
raw materials inventory n. 原材料存貨
work-in-progress inventory n. 在制品盤存(存貨)
invest v. 投資
investment n. 投資
investor n. 投資者
invoice n. 發票
v. 給(某人)開發票
irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改變的
issue n. 發行股票
* rights issue n. 優先認股權
IT=Information Technology 信息技術
item n. 貨物，條目，條款
J
job n. 工作
job description 工作說明，職務說明
*job lot n. 一次生產的部分或少數產品
job mobility 工作流動
job rotation 工作輪換
job satisfaction 工作的滿意感(自豪感)
*job shop n. 專門車間
jobbing n. 為一次性的或小的訂貨需求而特設的生產制度
joint adj. 聯合的
joint bank account (幾個人的)聯合銀行存款帳戶
journal n. 專業雜志
*jurisdiction n. 管轄(權) junk bonds n. 低檔(風險)債券，垃圾債券
junk mail n. (未經收信人要求的)直接郵寄的廣告宣傳
*just-in-time n. 無庫存制度
K
key adj. 主要的，關鍵的
knockdown adj. (價格)很低的
know-how n. 專門技術
L
label n. 標簽，標牌
v. 加標簽，加上標牌
labour n. 勞動，工作，勞動力
labour market 勞動力市場
labour relations 勞資關系
labour shortage 勞動力短缺
*launch v. 在市場推出一種新產品
n. 新產品的推出
lay-off/layoff n./v. 臨時解雇
layout n. 工廠的布局
lead v. 領先，領導
lead time n. 完成某項活動所需的時間
leaflet n. 廣告印刷傳單
lease n. 租借，租賃物
legal adj. 合法的
lend v. 出借，貸款
lessee n. 承租人
lessor n. 出租人
*ledger n. 分類帳
nominal ledger n. 記名帳
purchase ledger n. 進貨
sales ledger n. 銷貨帳
*leverage n. 杠桿比率
liability n. 負債
liabilities n. 債務
licence(US: license) n. 許可證
license v. 許可，批準
life cycle n. 壽命周期
likely adj. 可能的
*line process 流水線(組裝)
link n. 關系，聯系，環
liquid adj. 易轉換成現款的 liquidate v. 清算
*liquidity n. 擁有變現力
liquidation n. 清理(關閉公司)，清算
liquidator n. 清算人，公司資產清理人
listed adj. 登記注冊的
listing n. 上市公司名錄
literature n. (產品說明書之類的)印刷品，宣傳品
litigate v. 提出訴訟
loan n./v. 貸款，暫借
logo n. 企業的特有標記
lose v. 虧損
loser n. 失敗者
loss n. 損失
lot n. 批，量
loyalty n. 忠誠，忠實
M
magazine n. 雜志，期刊
mailshot n. 郵購
maintain v. 維持，保持
maintenance n. 維持，堅持
major adj. 重大的，主要的，較大的
majority shareholding 絕對控股
make n. 產品的牌子或型號
make-to-order adj. 根據訂貨而生產的產品
make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到訂貨時 就已生產了的產品
management n. 管理，管理部門
middle management n. 中層管理人員
senior management n. 高層管理人員
managerial adj. 管理人員的，管理方面的
manager n. 經理
plant manager n. 工廠負責人
line manager n. 基層負責人
staff manager n. 部門經理助理
management accounts n. 管理帳目
matrix management n. 矩陣管理
*management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系統
manning n. 人員配備
manpower n. 勞動力
manpower resources n. 勞動力資源
manual adj. 體力的，人工的，藍領的
manufacture v. (用機器)制造
manufacturer n. 制造者(廠、商、公司) manufacturing adj. 制造的
manufacturing industry 制造業
margin n. 利潤
gross margin n. 毛利率
net margin n. 凈利潤
mark-up v. 標高售價，加價
market n. 市場;產品可能的銷量
down market adv./adj. 低檔商品/地的
up market adj./adv. 高檔商品的/地
marketing mix n. 綜合營銷策略，指定價、促銷、產品等策略的配合
market leader n. 市場上的主導公司
*market niche n. 小攤位，專業市場的一個小部分
market penetration n. 市場滲入
market segmentation 市場劃分
market share n. 市場占有率，市場份額
*mass-marketing n. 大眾營銷術
*master production schedule n. 主要生產計劃
*material requirements planning(MRP) n. 計算生產中所需材料的方法
*materials handling n. 材料管理，材料控制
maximise v. 使增至最大限度、最大化
measure n. 措施，步驟
media n. 新聞工具，傳媒
mass media 大眾傳媒(如電視、廣播、報紙等)
merchandising n. (在商店中)通過對商品的擺放與促銷進行經營
merge v. 聯合，合并
merger n. (公司，企業等的)合并
merit n. 優點，值得，應受
method study n. 方法研究
middleman n. 中間人，經紀人
full milk n. 全脂牛奶
skimmed milk n. 脫脂乳
minimise v. 使減至最小限度，最小化
*mission n. 公司的長期目標和原則
mobility n. 流動性，可移性
moderately adv. 中等地，適度地
monopoly n. 壟斷，獨占
mortgage n./v. 抵押
motivate v. 激勵，激發……的積極性
motivated adj. 有積極性的
motivation n. 提供動機，積極性，動力
motive n. 動機
N negotiate v. 談判
negotiable adj. 可談判的，可轉讓的
net adj. 凈的，純的
network n. 網絡
*niche n. 專業市場中的小攤位
notice n. 通知，辭職申請，離職通知
O
objective n. 目標，目的
obsolete adj. 過時的，淘汰的，廢棄的
offer n. 報價，發盤
offer v. 開價
off-season adj./adv. 淡季的
off-the-shelf adj. 非專門設計的
off-the-peg adj. 標準的，非顧客化的
opening n. 空位
operate v. 操作，經營，管理
operating profits 營業利潤
*operations chart n. 經營(管理)表
*operations scheduling n. 生產經營進度表
opportunity n. 機會
*optimize v. 優化
option n. 選擇權
share option n. 期權
organigram n. 組織圖
organisation chart n. 公司組織機構圖
orient v. 定向，指引
orientation n. 傾向，方向;熟悉，介紹情況
outcome n. 結果
outlay n. 開銷，支出，費用
*outlet n. 商店
a retail outlet 零售店
outgoings n. 開支，開銷
outlined adj. 概括，勾勒的草圖
output n. 產量
*outsource v. 外購產品或由外單位制做產品
outstanding adj. 未付款的，應收的
over-demand n. 求過于供
overdraft n. 透支
overdraft facility 透支限額
overdraw v. 透支
*overhead costs n. 營業成本
*overheads n. 企業一般管理費用 overpay n. 多付(款)
overtime n. 加班
overview n. 概述，概觀
owe v. 欠錢，應付
P
p.a.(=per annum) n. 每年
packaging n. 包裝物;包裝
parent company n. 母公司，總公司
part-time adj. 部分時間工作的，業余的
participate v. 參加，分享 (in)
partnership n. 合伙(關系)，合伙，合伙企業
patent n. 專利
pay n. 工資，酬金 v. 付錢，付報酬
take-home pay 實得工資
payroll n. 雇員名單，工資表
peak n. 峰值，頂點
penetrate v. 滲透，打入(市場)
penetration n. 目標市場的占有份額
pension n. 養老金，退休金
perform v. 表現，執行
performance n. 進行，表現工作情況
performance appraisal n. 工作情況評估
perk n. 額外待遇(交通、保健、保險等)
personnel n. 員工，人員
*petty cash n. 零用現金
phase out n. 分階段停止使用
*pick v. 提取生產用零部件或給顧客發貨
* picking list n. 用于擇取生產或運輸訂貨的 表格
pie chart n. 餅形圖
pilot n. 小規模試驗
pipeline n. 管道，渠道
plant capacity n. 生產規模，生產能力
plot v. 標繪，策劃
*plough back n. 將獲利進行再投資
* point of sale (POS) n. 銷售點
policy n. 政策，規定, 保險單
*portfolio n. (投資)組合
*portfolio management n. 組合證券管理
post n. 郵件，郵局;職位
position n. 職位
potential n. 潛在力，潛勢
power n. 能力 purchasing power 購買力
PR=Public Relations 公共關系
*preference shares n. 優先股
price n. 價格
market price 市場價，市價
retail price 零售價
probation n. 試用期
product n. 產品
production cycle n. 生產周期
production schedule n. 生產計劃
product life cycle n. 產品生命周期
product mix n. 產品組合(種類和數量的組合)
productive adj. 生產的，多產的
*profile n. 簡介形象特征
profit n. 利潤
operating profit n. 營業利潤
profit and loss account n. 損益帳戶
project v. 預測
promote v . 推銷
promotion n. 提升，升級
proposal n. 建議，計劃
prospect n. 預期，展望
prospectus n. 計劃書，說明書
prosperity n. 繁榮，興隆
prototype n. 原型，樣品
*publicity n. 引起公眾注意
public adj. 公眾的，公開的
go public 上市
public sector 公有企業
publicity n. 公開場合，名聲，宣傳
publics n. 公眾，(有共同興趣的)一群人 或社會人士
punctual adj. 準時的
punctuality n. 準時
purchase v. & n. 購買
purchaser n. 買主，采購人
Q
QC(=Quality Circle) n. 質檢人員
qualify v. 有資格，勝任
qualified adj. 有資格的，勝任的，合格的
qualification n. 資格，資格證明
quality n. 質量
quality assurance n. 質量保證 quality control 質量控制，質量管理
quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度
questionnaire n. 調查表，問卷
quote n. 報價，股票牌價
quotation n. 報價，股票牌價
R
R&D Research and Development 研究與開發
radically adv. 根本地，徹底地
raise n. (美)增加薪金
v. 增加，提高;提出，引起
range n. 系列產品
rank n./v. 排名
rapport n. 密切的關系，輕松愉快的氣氛
rate n. 比率，費用
fixed rate 固定費用，固定匯率
going rate 現行利率，現行匯率
rating 評定結果
ratio n. 比率
rationalise v. 使更有效，使更合理
raw adj. 原料狀態的，未加工的
raw material n. 原材料
receive v. 得到
receipt n. 收據
receiver n. 接管人，清算人
accounts receivable 應收帳
receivership n. 破產管理
recession n. 蕭條
reckon v. 估算，認為
recognise v. 承認
reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核對，調和
recoup v. 扣除，賠償
recover v. 重新獲得，恢復
recovery n. 重獲，恢復
recruit v. 招聘，征募 n. 新招收的人員
recruitment n. 新成員的吸收
red n. 紅色
in the red 赤字，負債
reduce v. 減少
reduction n. 減少
redundant adj. 過多的，被解雇的
redundancy n. 裁員，解雇
reference n. 參考，參考資料 reference number (Ref. No.) 產品的參考號碼
refund n./v. 歸還，償還
region n. 地區
*reimburse v. 償還，報銷
reject n./v. 拒絕
reliability n. 可靠性
relief n. 減輕，解除，救濟
relocate v. 調動，重新安置
remuneration n. 酬報，酬金
rent v. 租 n. 租金
rep (代表)的縮寫
report to v. 低于(某人)，隸屬，從屬
reposition v. (為商品)重新定位
represent v. 代表，代理
representative n. 代理人，代表
reputation n. 名聲，聲望
reputable adj. 名聲/名譽好的
reserves n. 儲量金，準備金
resign v. 放棄，辭去
resignation n. 辭職
resistance n. 阻力，抵觸情緒
respond v. 回答，答復
response n. 回答，答復
restore v. 恢復
result/results n. 結果，效果
retail n./v. 零售
retailer n. 零售商
*retained earnings n. 留存收益
retire v. 退休
retirement n. 退休
return n. 投資報酬
*return on investment (ROI) n. 投資收入，投 資報酬
revenue n. 歲入，稅收
review v./n. 檢查
reward n./v. 報答，報酬，獎賞
*rework v. (因劣質而)重作
risk capital n. 風險資本
rival n. 競爭者，對手
adj. 競爭的
rocket v. 急速上升，直線上升，飛升
ROI Return on Investment 投資利潤
roughly adv. 粗略地
round adj. 整數表示的，大約
round trip 往返的行程 royalty n. 特許權，專利權稅
run v. 管理，經營
running adj. 運轉的
S
sack v. 解雇
sales force 銷售人員
sample n. 樣品 ;v. 試驗;抽樣檢驗
*saturation n. (市場的)飽和(狀態)
saturate v. 飽和
save v. 節省，儲蓄
savings n. 存款
scale n. 刻度，層次
scapegoat n. 替罪羊
scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的
*scrap n. 廢料或廢品
seasonal adj. 季節性的
section n. 部門
sector n. 部門
*securities n. 債券及有價證券
segment n. 部分
v. 將市場劃分成不同的部分
segmentation n. 將市場劃分成不同的部門
semi-skilled adj. 半熟練的
settle v. 解決，決定
settlement n. 解決，清償，支付
service n. 服務，幫傭
services n. 專業服務
settle v. 安排，支付
set up v. 創立
share n. 股份
shareholder n. 股東
*shelf-life n. 貨架期(商品可以陳列在貨架 上的時間)
shift n. 輪班
showroom n. 陳列室
simulation n. 模擬
shop n. 商店
closed shop 限制行業(只允許本工會會員)
open shop 開放行業(非會員可從事的工作)
shop steward 工會管事
shopfloor 生產場所
shortlist n. ……供最后選擇的候選人名單
v. 把……列入最后的候選人名單 sick adj. 病的
sick leave 病假
sick note 病假條
sick pay 病假工資
sickness 生病
skill n. 技能，熟巧
skilled employee n. 熟練工人
*skimming n. 高額定價，撇奶油式定價
slogan n. 銷售口號
slump n. 暴跌
a slump in sales 銷售暴跌
soft-sell n. 勸誘銷售(術)，軟銷售(手段)
software n. 軟件
sole adj. 僅有的，單獨的
sole distributor 獨家分銷商
solvent adj. 有償付能力的
*sourcing n. 得到供貨
spare part n. 零部件
specification n. 產品說明
split v. 分離
spokesman n. 發言人
sponsor n. 贊助者(為了商品的廣告宣傳)
spread n. (股票買價和賣價的)差額
stable adj. 穩定的
staff n. 職員
stag n. 投機認股者
v. 炒買炒賣
stagnant adj. 停滯的，蕭條的
*statute n. 成文法
statutory adj. 法定的
steadily adv. 穩定地，平穩地
stock n. 庫存，股票
stock exchange n. 證券交易所
*stockbroker n. 股票經紀人
stock controller 庫房管理者
storage n. 貯藏，庫存量
strategy n. 戰略
*streamline v. 精簡機構，提高效率
stress n. 壓力，緊迫
strike n. 罷工
structure n. 結構，設備
*subcontract v. 分包(工程項目)，轉包
subordinate n. 下級
adj. 下級的 subscribe v. 認購
subsidiary n. 子公司
subsidise v. 補貼，資助
subsidy n. 補助金
substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地
summarise v. 概括，總結
superior n. 上級，長官
supervisor n. 監督人，管理人
supervisory adj. 監督的，管理的
supply n./v. 供給，提供
survey n 調查
*SWOT analysis n. SWOT分析是分析一個公司或一個項目的優點、弱點、機會和風險*synergy n. 協作
T
tactic n. 戰術，兵法
tailor v. 特制產品
tailor made products 特制產品
take on 雇用
takeover n. 接管
target n. 目標
v. 把……作為目標
tariff n. 關稅;價目表
task n. 任務，工作
task force n. 突擊隊，攻關小隊(為完成某項任務而在一起的一組人)
tax n. 稅，稅金
capital gains tax n. 資本收益稅
corporation tax n. 公司稅，法人稅
income tax n. 所得稅
value added tax 增值稅
tax allowance 免減稅
tax avoidance 避稅
taxable 可征稅的
taxation 征稅
tax-deductible 在計算所得稅時予以扣除的
telesales n. 電話銷售，電話售貨
temporary adj. 暫時的
temporary post 臨時職位
tender n./v. 投標
territory n. (銷售)區域
tie n. 關系，聯系
throughput n. 工廠的總產量
TQC(=Total Quality Control) n. 全面質量管理 *track record n. 追蹤記錄，業績
trade n./v. 商業，生意;交易，經商
balance of trade 貿易平衡
trading profit 貿易利潤
insider trading 內部交易
trade mark 商標
trade union 工會
trainee n. 受培訓者
*transaction n. 交易，業務
transfer n./v. 傳輸，轉讓
*transformation n. 加工
transparency n. (投影用)透明膠片
treasurer n. 司庫，掌管財務的人
*treasury n. 國庫，財政部
trend n. 趨勢，時尚
*trouble-shooting n. 解決問題
turnover n. 營業額，員工流動的比率
staff turnover 人員換手率
stock turnover 股票換手率
U
undertake v. 從事、同意做某事
undifferentiated marketing n. 無差異性營銷策略
uneconomical adj. 不經濟的，浪費
unemployment n. 失業
unemployment benefit n. 失業津貼
unit n. 單位
unit cost n. 單位成本
update v. 使現代化
up to date adj./adv. 流行的，現行的，時髦的
upgrade v. 升級，增加
upturn n. 使向上，使朝上
USP 唯一的銷售計劃
V
vacancy n. 空缺
vacant adj. 空缺的
value n./v. 價值，估價
valuation n. 價值
value-added n. 增加值
variable n. 可變物 variation n. 變化，變更
variety n. 多樣化
a variety of 多種多樣的
vary v. 改變，修改
VAT Value Added Tax 增值稅
vendor n. 賣主(公司或個人)
venture n. 冒險，投機
venue n. 地點，集合地點
viable adj. 可行的
viability n. 可行性
vision n. 設想，公司的長期目標
vocation n. 行業，職業
vocational adj. 行業的，職業的
W
wage n. (周)工資
wage freeze n. 工資凍結
warehouse n. 倉庫，貨棧
wealth n. 財富，資源
wealthy adj. 富裕的，豐富的
welfare n. 福利
white-collar 白領階層
white goods n. 如冰箱和洗衣機等用在廚房中的產品
wholesale n./adj./adv. 批發
wholesaler 批發商
*wind up v. 關閉公司
withdraw v. 拿走，收回，退出
withdrawal n. 拿走，收回，退出
wholesale n./a. 批發;批發的
wholesaler n. 批發商
work n. 工作
working conditions n. 工作條件
work-in-progress n. 工作過程
workload n. 工作量
work order n. (包括原料、半成品、成品的)全部存貨總量
work station 工作位置
*working capital n. 營運資本，營運資金
write off v. 取消
write-off n. 債務的取消
Y
*yield n. 有效產量
Z
*zero defect n. 合格產品
*zero inventory n. 零存貨
第三篇：BEC中級作文黃金句型
1. … the + -est + 名詞 + (that)+ 主語 + have ever + seen / known / heard / read, etc. Eg. Lydia is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
IELTS is the hardest test that I have ever had.
2. Nothing is + -er than to + v Eg. Nothing is more important than to achieve a decent mark in IELTS.
Nothing is harder than to answer the questions effectively within 2 minutes.
Nothing is sadder than to fail in the test.
3. …. can’t emphasize the importance of … too much. (再怎么強調。。。的重要性也不為過) Eg. We can’t emphasize the importance of environmental protection too much.
We can’t emphasize the importance of spoken English too much.
4. I don’t mean to deny that + 主語 + v
(我不想/無意否認。。。) Eg. I don’t mean to deny that you did help me a lot. I don’t mean to deny that you are completely right to make that decision. 5. There is no doubt that + 句子 Eg. There is no doubt that he speaks decent English.
There is no doubt that taking this test is not an easy job for me.
毫無疑問能被牛津錄取是我最大的夢想之一。
6. The greatest thing of … is that + 句子
The beauty of … is that + 句子
。。。。的優點是。。。。 Eg. The greatest thing of being a teacher is that you never stop learning.
The beauty of my job is that I have flexible working hours.
出國留學的優點是我能夠離開父母的懷抱學會自己成長。
7. The reason why + 句子 + is that + 句子
That’s the reason why …
Eg, The reason why I love this book so much is that I can obtain a lot of knowledge from it.
8. What I am saying is that + 句子
Eg. What I am saying is that I really want to go to Oxford.
我想說我認為這個點子不怎么好。
9. By + v-ing, … can/be able to …
(憑借/依靠/通過，。。。能夠。。。。) By summarizing this material, we can grasp the main idea of it. 通過幾個月不眠不休通宵達旦的學習，我終于能夠實現了我的夢想。
10. V-ing enable + 賓語 + to + v.
Eg. Watching English movies enable us to speak better English.
Jogging enables us to keep shape.
在實習期間多積累工作經驗能夠使得你將來輕松得找到一份好工作。
11. 主語 + have/has trouble + v-ing
我總是記不住這些英文單詞。
我總是難以在2分鐘內回答好這個問題。
12. Those who ….. Eg. Those who love to talk will be more likely to speak English well.
那些自暴自棄的人是無法成功的。
13. I can’t wait to + v.
14. I’m looking forward to + v-ing
15. It is (hardly) conceivable that + 句子
It is obvious / apparent that + 句子
Eg. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
16. You probably won’t believe, but…
Eg. You probably won’t believe it, but it is a truth according to the statistics.
17. For the past + 時間，主語 + 現在完成時
Eg. For the past three months, I have been working on the IELTS.
18. It pays to + V. (。。。是值得的/會有回報的) Eg. It pays to help others.
每天堅持來上課是會有回報的。
19. be closely related to …. Eg. Taking exercises on a regular basis is closely related to health.
我能否被牛津錄取與我的雅思分數息息相關
20. be supposed to + v.
21. Due to / Owing to / Thanks to + n./ v-ing
22. All I want ( to v.) is ……
Eg. All I want to do is to go back home. All I want is that you could think about it. 我所想的就是約你一下。
23. have a great influence on …
互聯網對我們的思想和行為方式影響很大
24. do good to ; do harm to
讀書對心靈有益
過度工作對健康有害。
25. pose a great threat to ……
Eg. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
26. do one’s best / try one’s hardest to + v.
27. According to the statistics (recent survey),…
數據顯示，在英國的國際學生中有將近一半來自中國。
28. on one hand…, and on the other hand….
29. It is not that + 句子，but + 句子
Eg. It is not that I don’t like the movie, but I don’t get it.
我并不是不想說好英語，而是我不知該如何去說。
30.A is to B what C is to D Eg. Exercise is to the body what thinking is to the brain.
31. …. What is said above….. Eg. From what is said above, we can draw a conclusion. As we learn from what is said above…….
32. what + be + called Eg. He is very interested in what are called popular songs. We should improve what is called the quality of living. 他就是你所謂的“活字典”
33. as for… = when it comes to…=talking about(英式)=speaking of(美式)
說起。。。，談到。。。，至于。。。
e.g. When it comes to traffic, I have to say living in Shanghai is like an nightmare.
34. and the like = and stuff like that =and things like that e.g. I like suspense movies, action movies, romance and the like. 35. tend to … = most of
e.g. Chinese people are tend to be reserved and indirect while most Americans are more straightforward.
36. I think of / see … as …
e.g. I see myself as a brave and independent girl.
37. are more likely to …. e.g. Children are more likely to copy the violence and bad language in movies.
Your peers, are more likely to influence you on your immediate lifestyle, like how you dress and what you do for fun.
38. there’s no sense in… = it doesn’t make any sense = it is pointless to …
。。。沒道理/無意義 政府實施這個舉措是毫無意義的。
39. … is a luxury
。。。是一種奢望
e.g. Travelling around the world before the age of 30 is a luxury to people like me.
像住在上海北京這樣的大城市里，想要擁有一個私家花園是一種奢望。
40. have a hard time doing sth.
e.g. Graduates this year are having a hard time finding a decent job because of the financial crisis.
第四篇：bec中級
教材：
1.學生用書(經濟科學出版社)(基礎)
2.4本真題(人民郵電出版社)(重中之重)
3.報名發的紅本(重中之重是里面有一套題，很多人都忽略了)
4.中高級口語必備(藍色封面，陳小慰主編)(很經典，想過口語得靠它)
5.同步輔導(里面有學生用書答案和解析，所以要和課本一起買)
6.教師用書(雞肋，但里面有作文范文)
7.新東方·劍橋商務英語高級詞匯精選(雞肋，因為買了肯定剛開始堅持，慢慢就不背了，我至今背這本詞匯還停留在C，不過如果有強人的話，背完了肯定對你做題有很大幫助)
寫作部分，你還是按照真題上的練，什么memo,correspondence，這些都只是考試指標上的東西，真正考試的時候第一部分就是寫一個小的email.第二部分基本上就是report.
真題上面的題型還是可以說蠻到位的。LZ 就不用特別在意，一些商務英語寫作上的書就包涵很多什么推薦信啊，求職信啊，投訴信啊。但是考試很少碰到。下面是我寫作的心得，復制自己的。
BEC當中，如果你不好好準備寫作，那么久很吃虧。英語寫作思維方式跟我們不太一樣，尤其還是商務英語的寫作。那么怎么才能寫好呢?寫作你主要是把句型記住，所謂句型，就是一些套話。不管是小寫作還是大寫作，每句都有各自的套話。你把4本真題的作文都看了，保證每天都寫2編，我當時是一點都寫不出，然后就看著答案，然后自己有點改動，把句子寫成自己容易記住的句子，這樣使句子好記住又不乏地道感。并且反復的練，每天都會有些，雖然有點麻煩，但是上手后，很簡單。我去年考試的時候題目還跟真題的題目有類似情節。大，小作文都有。寫的也很順手，成績單上是execellent. 所以你只要把真題的作文變成自己的作文就可以了，當然不是照抄那種，也不是死記硬背。把范文的句子寫成自己容易記住的句子，在原句中增加或是舍掉一些自己總是忘掉或是寫不好的個別單詞，劍橋商務英語中寫作部分也是重點,我覺得劍橋商務英語要想拿到高分,應該把需要注意的問題牢牢記在心里,考試時用這些條條框框的東西去套一下，就可以把錯誤及時糾正了。比如，盡量使用客觀中立的用語，避免加入個人感情色彩;如果分析得出幾個結論要揀最有把握的寫;注意文章的時態，有時用現在時，有時用過去時，但一定要選擇同一個時間基準……需要總結的東西很多，大家可以自己去體會。希望你準備考試的過程中努力，
注意：考生寫作時，務必充分理解題目要求，明白寫作者的身份，看懂并結合提供的信息。格式上不要一會兒英英單詞一會兒美英單詞，保證它的統一性。
沒有固定的應試寫作模板的，網上的模板也不適用于應付BEC考試的，所以這個LZ就不用糾結了，按我的方法可以做得很好。希望能幫到你。
第五篇：BEC中級戰后總結
BEC中級戰后總結(詳細經驗篇)
BEC中級戰后總結
考完BEC已經有一段時間了，現在歇下來該好好地寫個總結，畢竟這也算得上是一個不小的考試。
準備BEC的時間并不長，但還是有點心得在里面的。
確切的說真正認真好好復習的時間只有一個多星期，但是這一個多星期的時間里還是看了很多東西，我本身并不是學BEC相關專業的，而且還差的極遠，但是備考BEC教會我很多實用的東西。
關于復習的安排我是這樣進行的，下面寫出來希望對后面的人會有所幫助。
先說說總體情況
開始接觸BEC當然是先從詞匯入手，我想這應該是每個參加英語考試的人都知道的。翻開BEC的詞匯你會發現它并不難，單詞也并不長，只是相對來講比較專業，特別要注意的就是我們平時已經非常熟悉的詞匯，在BEC的詞表里完全換了一個意思。
早早的接觸單詞會對你后面看書和做題有很大的幫助。
所以打算考BEC的同志們，沒事兒的時候就隨手翻翻生詞表吧，耽誤不了你多長時間的，每天沒事翻翻，幾天下來你就能記住一多半。
當詞匯掌握差不多的時候我就用了那本人民郵電出版的《商務英語學生用書》，同時還配有同步練習和課文輔導這兩本，因為準備的比較急，所以除了書我用的都是電子版，但看起來不是那么方便，因此有條件的話還是買書的好。
這本書本人認為還是很有用的，里面一共有十個單元，每個單元有兩課，每一課都會介紹一種相關的商務知識，里面會含有很多常用的商務詞匯和商務表達，這個時候你之前背的單詞就顯得尤為重要了，而這也是一個查漏補缺的過程，你已經背過并知道的就可以一帶而過，不知道的用心再記一下。
另外在每個單元中間間隔的地方都會有每個單元后的同步練習和考場真練，個人覺得同步練習沒有什么用，因為不是按照考試題型來的，都是隨便出的一些小練習，而且相對考試來說簡單很多，但是考場真練那部分，建議好好做做，很有用，完全是按照考試的題型來出的。
當你基本上通過書了解了基礎的商務知識以后，再拿出報名時人手一份的那本《考生手冊》，逐條好好讀讀，下面要做的就是針對考試，逐一復習了。在那本考生手冊上囊括初中高三部分內容，考中級的同學可以翻過初級，直接看中級，后面如果你有時間，建議你把高級的也看下(只看題)，我覺得很有幫助，因為中級和高級的題型是完全相同的，只是高級的干擾選項更多了，寫作部分更長了而已，所以有時間還是建議做做高級的題，高級講解部分可以不用看了。
對于中級建議看以下四部分內容：
1.考試范圍：在準備考試之前你要知道那份你即將在考場上拿到的卷子里，都會涉及到那些商務知識和話題，所以先把考試范圍瀏覽一遍，不用背下來，做到心里有數就可以了。
2.考試題型：中級考試分為四個部分，按照考試的順序分別是：閱讀、寫作、聽力、口語，前面三個部分一般是上午進行，口語在當天下午或者轉天上午。你要知道每一個部分都考什么，評分標準是什么，做每一個部分的題都要掌握哪些技巧，關于各部分題型我后面會詳細說一下。
3.真題樣例：學生手冊的題很寶貴，因為每個級別的題就那么一套，這個題的利用價值很高，因為是英國劍橋親自編寫的。所以這套題一定好好做，后面都有答案，但是有一個缺陷就是沒有聽力錄音，所以聽力部分只能先看看了解一下，不能做題。
4.作文范例：看過題之后，最后這本書上唯一有價值的就是作文的范例了，上面有從band0到band5的所有樣例，我建議是最好只看band5的，別的都別看了，讓你的腦子里只有最好的范文，這樣形成一個思路，后面下筆就容易的多。
好了，這就是關于《學生手冊》里主要看的內容，一定要好好重視這本書，因為這是你在考試前能夠拿到的唯一一本考試真經。
好，下面進入正式復習階段：
以下內容需要回復才能看到
在了解了商務知識，了解了題型，并且初步演練之后要做的就是逐個模塊去攻克。
這時候手頭準備的材料應該有新東方網絡課堂和真題集，有很多人在用模擬題，我想說如果沒買的同學就別買了，買了的最好也別做了，很耽誤時間，那上面的題與真正考試的相差太遠了，考試題比模擬難十倍都不夸張，所以過來人經驗，模擬題完全沒有參考價值。
關于新東方網絡課堂，我個人建議好好看看，這個算是我覺得對考試幫助最大的，里面老師講的都還是比較好的，每個部分剖析的都很全面。里面也都有配套的筆記，可以省去你自己寫筆記的時間，它的重要性我相信只有看過的人才能理解。
對于真題集，目前市場上有第2輯，第3輯，第4輯，其實說實在的這三本里面的題也就第
4輯的和現在考試的難度接近些，因為2，3都是以前的真題，相對來講簡單些，特別是聽力，BEC考試聽力是出了名的難，最難的那套真題也沒有近兩年的考試聽力難，所以聽力還是大家自己下功夫吧，這部分沒有值得參考的東西。
最后如果還要準備一份材料，那就是針對口語的有一本口語真題冊，藍皮的，名字我記不太清楚了，我當時因為時間緊就沒有用，而且覺得自己的口語也還可以，就省去了這部分練習，考試的時候發現很多人都拿著那本書，而且考試題型跟那本書上的很像，所以擔心口語的同學可以把這本書當做是真經。
當然除了上述說的那些練習，市面上還有其他的，只不過看起來都一般般，沒有太大的使用價值。我記得當時我大概看了一下《商務英語中級考試30天突破》，這本書有時間的話可以看一下，有些東西或許對某些人有幫助，我當時時間緊就沒怎么細看，就是花了一個小時都不到的時間隨手翻了翻。
好了，接下來我就分塊說一下BEC中級考試的具體情況。
閱讀部分：
閱讀是BEC考試里的第一項，一般考試都是上午九點開始，閱讀部分的考試時間是一個小時，里面包括五部分內容，前兩項是搭配題，后面三項分別是我們大家都熟悉的單選，完型和改錯。
先說搭配題，前兩個搭配題相比較而言，第一項相對簡單些，這部分做題是有技巧的，至于具體如何去做，新東方講的很詳細，我就不在這里多說了，記住一個真理就是每個選項都選兩次就對了。第二項的搭配題較難，也是BEC中級閱讀最難的部分，這部分每年的得分率很低，但是如果時間允許，多分析分析還是可以攻克下來的，我考試出來后覺得自己的閱讀部分只有這項做的不是很好。所以勸大家有時間還是要多練練，形成一種語感很重要。 至于后面三項因為都是大家很熟悉的項目，就沒有什么太多的技巧了，四選一一般都不會很難，只要是找好定位讀懂了就很容易選出答案，完型基本上都是詞匯和詞組的考察，與平時做的完型相反，虛詞考察很少，基本都是實詞，所以這里顯示出詞匯的重要性了，而改錯則是基本上都是虛詞的考察，改錯比以前的簡單在于錯誤都是多一個詞，所以你只需要找出多出來的那個詞就行了，一般有2-3個正確選項。
閱讀的時間不是很緊，做完不成問題，有時間再好好檢查，不要因粗心而丟掉分數。
寫作部分：
這部分恐怕是BEC中級里面最簡單的了，模式很固定，就那么幾種，這部分又分為兩個小部分，一個大作文一個小作文，小作文一般只讓寫三個要點，寫40-50字的note或者memo，只要是把三個要點都寫全了就沒有什么問題。大作文近幾年考的大部分都是report或者
proposal，極少的情況讓寫E-mail，大作文一般都有固定的模式，掌握好模板就很好寫了。
這個的時間把握也還行，開始的時候我一直覺得時間很富裕，不緊不慢地寫，到后來發現時間有點緊了，所以寫作文的時候還是自己注意點時間，別像我似的前松后緊。
聽力部分：
這部分是BEC里面最難的，我考聽力的時候才發現竟然還是傳統的錄音機+卡帶的形式，說實在的聲音效果不是很好，而且BEC聽力語速極快，近幾年的題目也極難。
記得做真題的時候還覺得聽力雖然難，但是還是可以應付得來，畢竟有送分的題，但是真正考試的時候才發現，哪里有送分的啊，每道題都要糾結一下才能夠寫出答案，不過也可能是自己練的太少的緣故，加上美音在腦子中的根深蒂固，所以聽英音讓我覺得極其不爽，覺得他們怎么就不能好好說話，哎……
看來想考BEC的同學，先多用BBC來洗洗自己的耳朵吧! 聽力這項絕對不能突擊，實力最重要!尤其是第二部分，是聽力里面最難的，八選五，一個選錯很可能導致別的就都跟著錯了，所以如果出錯是很得不償失的。
口語部分：
我想很多人都很擔心這項，其實直到考試的時候才發現，這個BEC的口語考試是一個紙老虎，表面看起來很恐怖，實際上沒有什么，口語考試分為三個部分：conversation，presentation，discussion。第一部分就是老師問你問題，都是很基本的問題，我覺得準備一份英文的自我介紹就都搞定了，問的問題無非就是一些姓名，學校，專業，家庭，愛好什么的，然后老師一般都會問一些商務方面的一些問題，但也都是很簡單的，我記得老師當初問我的就是愿不愿意自己成立一個公司然后自己做老板，我很干脆的回答不愿意，并且做了一大堆的解釋，哈哈。第二個就是做一個簡短的口語表達，一分鐘準備一分鐘說，但是到考試的時候沒有人給你計算時間，一般準備的時間其實都不到一分鐘，老師覺得差不多就說開始了，我當時準備的時候就是每個方面寫三四句話，比如說廣告的，說市場的，說銷售的，說員工素質的，說成本利潤的等等。因為考試的時候時間比較緊，這一項是給你三個話題讓你自己選一個，所以一定要快速的看題，我每次基本上十五秒鐘把三個題掃了一遍，然后迅速確定哪個比較好說，再把自己準備好的話題往上套，其實實際上我考試的時候，根本也沒用自己準備的東西，因為話題都還是比較簡單的，所以就隨口說了。其實仔細看看那些話題會發現你都有的說，說是讓你說一分鐘，其實到真正考試的時候，老師也會不耐煩，我覺得我當時也就說了半分多就讓我停了。所以這一項不用擔心。
最后一項就是討論部分了，這部分成敗關鍵不是在于你自己，因為這是唯一一項和別人一起合作的口語考試，老師會給你一個卡片，上面有一堆文字，主要是先說一個商務背景，然后給兩三個討論的要點，這部分時間很緊，只有十五秒鐘，看題+準備，這十五秒鐘看題都看不完，更別提準備了。所以和你的partner提前培養默契是很有必要的?？荚嚨臅r候一般都會提前分好組，你會和你的partner有很長的時間在一起準備，你們可以互相熟悉彼此的口音，也可以培養一下默契，還可以隨便找個題練練，其實這部分你就把它當成是很簡單的談話就不會緊張了，考試的時候看著你的partner，別理老師也別看老師就不會緊張，老師都
很仁慈的，就算你們說著說著無話可說，老師看出來就會讓你們停的。
總之，BEC口語老師都很nice，所以我們都不必緊張，而且由于口語有很多地方都是當地審核，不送到劍橋，所以一般都不會在口語上卡人的，大家請放心，記住一點，只要是你整個口語考試的過程中沒有冷場，不停的說就不會通不過。
四部分基本上情況大致講完了，具體的詳細細節還是建議看新東方的網絡課堂，很權威也很詳細，會解答你心中很多的疑問，就算你的時間再緊別的都看不了也一定要看《學生手冊》和新東方的網絡課堂，這兩個是我認為整個BEC里最重要的也是價值最高的了。
BEC是一個說難不難說簡單也不是很簡單的考試，只要是方法掌握對了不用復習多長時間也能通過，方法不對復習多久都過不了，所以復習BEC講究的還是技巧，最后希望大家都能夠順利通過考試，不管以后從事這類或不從事這類職業，多一個這樣的國際證書都是沒有什么壞處的，起碼向公司證明了你的英語能力和處理問題的應變能力，祝大家成功!